Imodeli ye-3D ye-Web nge-API-javascript: I-Esri Advances
Lapho sibona ukusebenza Smart Campus ArcGIS nge imisebenzi efana travel imizila phakathi kwedeski esitezi sesithathu of the ukwakhiwa Usizo lwabenza imisenenzi efundelwe neyodwa Q Auditorium, ngenxa kokubili ezweni elingaphakathi ukuhlanganiswa idatha BIM, sithola Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Geo-engineering kubonakala embonweni obophayo kusondele kakhulu.
Futhi ngaphandle kokuthi imisebenzi emikhulu ilahlekile ukugcina indlela yohlobo lwe-master data management (MDM) yephuzu leqiniso phakathi kweqiniso elikhanyayo le-GIS, iqiniso eliningiliziwe le-BIM kanye nezehlakalo zohlelo lokusebenza empilweni yangempela ezisebenza kulesi sikhombi. Siyabona futhi ukuthi konke lokhu kusebenza kusebenza kwiziphequluli zewebhu, kunePython ethile yemizila kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke nolimi olukhanya njenge-JavaScript.
Okusikhumbuza ngokungenakuphikisa ukuthi i-geomatics kanye nabanjiniyela kuzodingeka bahambe kancane ukuze baqonde amamodeli, kanye namakhodi wokuhlela.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ushintsho lomkhuba kusuka ezindaweni ezisindayo zedeskithophu kuya kumazwibela ekhodi yesiphequluli engasindi. Ngokuqinisekile usosayensi wekhompyutha owenza ubuciko ngeseva ye-GIS, izinto ze-Gis Engine noma izinto ze-Gis zaphuma ebhizinisini lapho ebona ukuthi uLeaflet wayesebenza kanjani esifundweni I-MappingGis; Ngingeke ngimangele uma ehamba egxuma engcwabeni kumqondisi wakhe ngaphambili.
Silinde ukukhishwa okulandelayo kwe-ArcGis Indoors, le ndatshana ifingqa ukuhlanganiswa kokuqonda kweLau - intombazane enesithakazelo esebenzisana nale sayithi - nokubukwa kokuqukethwe komhleli weGeofumadas.com, kwi-webinar yakamuva “Isingeniso ku-3D kuwebhu ne-ArcGIS API ye-Javascript ".
Abakhangisi be-webinar baqale bavela nengwegwe enhle endabeni yokusebenzisa i-3D kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-ArcGIS, nokuthi iziveza kanjani kuzingxenyekazi ze: Isibukeli se-Scene, i-Story Maps, noma i-Web App Builder kuye ngenhloso yocwaningo.
Bekubalulekile ukuthi imiqondo eyisisekelo ehlobene netimu ye-3D ichazwe kwasekuqaleni, ikakhulukazi ngoba ngale kokukhombisa amavolumu, ifuna ukulingisa izinqubo. Futhi isici esisabucayi ngokwezidingo zohlelo oluyisisekelo ukwenza izinqubo ezixhunywe kulolu hlobo lwedatha oluhluke ngokuphelele ku-2D, njengekhadi lemidwebo elihle, ukwesekwa kwe-OpenGL okufakwe kusiphequluli w / WebGL.
Uma kungenjalo, tshela abangani babo SELPER, ngendlela ehle kakhulu yokuphathwa kwezimpahla ku-GIS ubuchwepheshe, obenezivimbela zayo ngaphambi kwezinguqulo ze-OpenGL zekhadi lehluzo le-Nvidia yeNyuvesi lapho lakhiwa khona. Kukhuphuke kakhulu ngemibhikisho yabafundi baseBogota okwenze kwaba nzima ukwenza izivivinyo ezanele ngayizolo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zembule ukwethulwa kokusekelwa ukuqhuba ithuluzi kumadivayisi eselula njengamafoni noma amaphilisi.
Ngo isethulo olwenziwa izibonelo ezimbalwa noma imiboniso, ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-API i-JavaScript imisebenzi nokuthi ingakanani idatha kuhlobene ukukhiqiza ukumodeliswa 3D, eziqala umthwalo izingqimba noma ulwazi WebScene futhi kamuva ukumodeliswa yayo / abakhipha 3D e Screeneview,
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezobuchwepheshe
Izakhiwo zohlobo lwe-4.x futhi zenziwa ngezinto ezibonakalayo namawijethi, ngaphezu kokwamukela izingqimba eziningi zolwazi oluvela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene yedatha. Lesi sakhiwo sidlula ngaphezu kuka-3.x ngoba ukubona nge-3D kutholakala kuphela kuleli zinga. Amathuluzi weWebscene ne-SceneView asetshenziselwa ukuphatha idatha ye-3D futhi ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele ku-API, ngokungeziwe ukuthi ukumodeliswa kwe-3D kungashintshwa kanjani kudatha etholakala kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphambilini.
Ngezibonelo, bakhombisa umehluko obonwayo phakathi kwedatha ye-2D ne-3D nokuthi ungasuka kanjani ekubukweni kwemephu ye-2D WebScene uye kwi-3D SceneView, ngamakhodi we-JavaScript. Ukukhohlisa kwekhamera kulula, kufaka eminye imiyalo ethile ukubukwa okushintsha inkomba. Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
- ukukhuluma, evumela ukujikeleza kwekhamera endaweni yokusebenzela.
- Kuya: isetshenziselwa ukusungula umbono ngokuvumelana nalokho ofuna ukukubona ku-3D, futhi ungenza izithombe ngeli thuluzi, njengokubeka amadijithi athile isihloko ukuvuselela izithombe zokushintshanisa.
- ToMap: kuthatha ukuxhumanisa kombono bese uyibeka kumephu ye-2D
- Kuya kusikrini: ikuvumela ukuthi ubonise iphuzu kumephu ye-2D bese uyibeka kamuva ekubukeni kwe-3D
- hitTest: isetshenziselwa ukucacisa izici ukuthi iphuzu elithile linombono
Futhi kuchazwe ukuthi ukwakhiwa 3D ibalazwe has amathuluzi efanayo ukuze udale 2d, ezifana nokusebenzisa basemaps, izingqimba noma izingqimba nayo asekelwe ukuthi 2D (WMS, zithwala noma CSV).
Noma kunjalo, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi izendlalelo ze-2D aziqukethe ulwazi lwe-"Z" (ukuphakama), yingakho ukubonisa idatha kubalulekile ukuthi ube nezendlalelo ezihlobene ne-3D njengamafu okukhomba, meshlayers, noma abaphezulu. Ngaphakathi kwe-API, ungenza imibuzo mayelana nalezi zendlalelo ze-3D, njengamaphuzu athile okuphakama ngaphakathi kwombono, esithombeni (1) indawo ishiwo ekuqaleni, futhi esithombeni (2) njengoba ishintsha kusuka umbuzo noma ukubonisana okwenziwayo.
Bakhombise izibonelo eziningi zokuthi idatha imelwa kanjani, ngokwesibonelo, iyiphi idatha ye-SceneLayers (amaphuzu), nezinto ze-3D (3D Objects) ezisekelayo.
Emadolobheni amakhulu, ukumelwa kwezinto ze-3D kuyithuluzi elinamandla, ngoba kungenzeka ukubona, hhayi kuphela indawo yendawo yento, kodwa ivolumu yayo, ubudlelwane nemvelo, kanye nezici zangaphakathi zazo ngamunye zingangezwa. izinto. Isithombe esingezansi sikhombisa ukuthi basikhethe kanjani ngokungahleliwe isakhiwo eNew York City, futhi zonke izimfanelo zaso ziyabonakala. Ngokunjalo, imibuzo eminingi ingalungiswa ngokuya ngezakhiwo, ezinjengalezi: lapho izakhiwo ezithile ezinebanga elithile lokuphakama noma incazelo yemizila efanelekile zitholakala khona
Usekela ukuphathwa kwezingqimba ezifana I-IntegratedMeshLayer, okuyinto block of ulwazi kusuka izinzwa like drones. Aziqukethe ulwazi oluthile olusuka kwisakhiwo ngasinye njengesithombe esedlule, kodwa ulwazi oluningi ngezimfanelo ze-3D.
Njengoba for iphuzu amafu, ungadlala usayizi amachashazi ukuze uthole umbono kangcono idatha, kusukela iphuzu ungqimba ngayinye ingaba izigidigidi amaphuzu idatha, kepha imelelwa into 3D uqobo.
Bachaze ukusetshenziswa kokufanekiswa kwedatha ye-3D, eyethulwa kumumo oyisicaba / oyisicaba, kanye nomfanekiso wevolumu ohlotshaniswa nezinto ezenziwe nge-3D. Lokhu kungaba ngezitayela ezithile ngokuya ngohlobo lwento. Bakhombise ukusetshenziswa kwalokho okuthiwa yi-Extrudes "ukufaka umbala" esakhiweni ngokwezimpawu zaso,
Izinhlobo zokunikela ezingasetshenziswa zaboniswa: i-simplerenderer, lapho zonke izinto zine-symbolism eyodwa, i i-ValueRenderer ehlukile lapho ungahlukanisa khona izinto, ngokwezici, futhi I-ClassBreakRenderer lapho izimfanelo zento ngayinye zigcinwa ngokuqondene neklasi: kulokhu babonisa ukuthi ibanga lithatha kangakanani isakhiwo ukuze kutholakale uhlelo lokuthutha umphakathi.
Abethuli, babonise ngesikhathi esifushane sel Webinar, zonke izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-ArcGIS API yeJavascript, kuhlanganise:
- Amawijethi we-3D: ngokubonisa okubonisanayo babonisa ibanga eliphakathi kwezinto, kokubili okuqondile nokuqondile.
- Ukwakhiwa kwezicelo: kusuka endaweni kanye nezinto ze-3D.
- Imodi yesimo se-SceneView: ichaza okuqukethwe nesitayela sombukiso we-3D futhi ingalayishwa ku-Portal ye-ArcGIS.
Izilinganiso ze-Geodesic: azigxila kuphela ezakhiweni zomhlaba, kodwa futhi zivumela ukukala amabanga emhlabeni.- izicelo Isakhiwo, akhombe 3D ngokuvumelana ngokoqobo ethulwa isikhala, imigqa noma Bubbles ushayele lapho izici ezithile akhonjiswa, ezifana tags ukuthi kukhona ezisekelweni efana ne-Google Earth, kulesi simo 3D
- Declutter: esetshenziswa nihlanze noma isihlungi amalebuli noma ezingaphathelana ziyadingeka ukukubona 3D ibalazwe, kanjalo sigweme okuningi amalebuli ungavumeli ngeso efanele, futhi kubangele umsindo lapho indawo okuthile.
Ngemuva kokuboniswa kwesici ngasinye I-ArcGIS API ye-Javascript, wabonisa ukuthi izaveli zinikwe encwadini entsha ye-4.10. Lapho uzothola khona:
- Yakha umdwebo wesimo
- Hlaza iwijethi: okuyinto izodlulisela ulwazi olwakhelwe ngaphambili kwinto ye-3D
- Ilayisha inani elikhulu lemininingwane: hhayi kuphela elihambelana nedolobha elithile, kodwa izwe (izwe).
- Khombisa izihlungi zefu
Iminikelo yale webinar kuya geoengineering
Ngamafuphi, isihloko sisebenza kakhulu; sikhumbula ukuthi ukuthambekela kwamaDigital Twins kanye namaSmart Cities kudinga ukuthi, ngale kokucabanga ngokuphathwa kwemininingwane, imodeli yayo eyeqiwe kakhulu, ukuqondiswa kokumodeliswa kokusebenza kulungiswe. Imakethe ibanzi, iyathembisa futhi kuze kube manje isivele inezixazululo eziningi ze-turnkey zomsebenzisi wokugcina; yize kithina abasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukwenza amathuluzi angewona amakani, umgwaqo usenzima. Lokhu kusho, ukuguqula ezinye izilinganiso ezifana nesikhathi, izindleko nomjikelezo wempilo wezinqubo; hhayi ezingeni ledatha nobuchwepheshe, okuthi, njengoba sigcizelela, kube yinkinga ecacile, kepha ekuvumelaneni okubuhlungu kancane nezenzo zangempela zomsebenzisi ngaphambi kwabalamuli ochungechungeni lwentengiselwano oludlula kulwazi lwendawo. Ngasohlangothini lwe-ESRI, ukwakhiwa kwedatha kunzima, ngoba yize usungakwazi ukuhlanganisa idatha ye-BIM eyakhelwe ku-Revit, isabonakala njengemhlaba emibili ehlukene edinga uguquko oluyinkimbinkimbi. Imisebenzi emisha nakanjani izokwazi ukusetshenziswa kumamodeli we-BIM, kepha kunemininingwane eyeqile ngokweqile yemininingwane ye-CAD ukuyiletha ezimeni Zasendlini, ezinezikhala ezinepoloni, ukuphakama nezendlalelo ezijwayelekile kusabiza.
Kodwa-ke, uma u-Esri efanelwe yikhredithi, yinqubekelaphambili ayenzayo mayelana nokubukeka okukhangayo nokulula. Sengingacabanga kakade ukudumazeka kukaMnu Jack, nge-optics yakhe ethi "asenze kube lula" abaholi bomugqa oqondile we-AutoDesk, kulowo mshado ongasekho kodwa ophumelelayo lapho "cishe uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-ArcGIS Pro” kumele kutholwe ngaphansi kwamakhasi njengokulingana okuhambisana nezingcezu ezimbalwa ezikhomba entweni efanayo kodwa kube nobunzima bokwenza lula ingqikithi yomphumela ofunwa i-topography, Ubunjiniyela Bezimboni, Ubunjiniyela Bomphakathi kanye ne-Architecture. Futhi kungukuthi ukuthambekela kokulula kwemephu yezobuciko i-GIS yahlupheka, kusafanele iphile nge-CAD evamile, ngenxa yalowo mkhuba wokukhohlwa ukuthi uhlelo luyi-medium nje, kodwa ukuthi into ebalulekile ukubeka isakhiwo ekusebenzeni. .
imikhuba emihle ukumodeliswa GIS, engasindi, igxile Abstraction engokoqobo izoba wusizo CAD / BIM hybrid, okuyinto isikhashana kuyodingeka ukuba siphinde siphile ngoba ukwamukelwa of BIM emazweni amaningi uya isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ngokushumayela nangokufundisa ngezindaba iziqondiso ineptitude izikhulu ezindala ezinamathiselwe ezincwadini ezimbili zokuqala ze-AECO.
Umncintiswano uzoba mnandi eminyakeni ezayo, ngesimo esifanayo kakhulu ukuletha ukugeleza okuqhubekayo ukulandelana kwe-CAD-GIS-BIM-DigitalTwin-SmartCity; njengoba kuboniswe yizenzo eceleni kuka-Siemens / Bentley ekutholeni izixazululo ezinjengalezi CityPlanner nokukhululwa komthombo ovulekile ku-Javascript.
Okwamanje, ake sinikeze u-Esri isikweletu salowo mzamo wokusebenzisana ne-AutoDesk, ngaphezu kokuhlanganiswa kwedatha / ubuchwepheshe, ngendlela yokuhlanganisa inqubo / umlingisi. Ekugcineni kuyinzuzo kubasebenzisi, abasele ukuqinisekisa leso sinyathelo sokufunda ukuqonda amamodeli nekhodi; ukuqala okungenani isifundo esihle se-ArcGIS Pro kanye nezisekelo zeJavascript.
