Kungani usebenzisa amawele edijithali ekwakheni
Konke okusizungezile kuba yedijithali. ubuchwepheshe Advanced ezifana intelligence yokufakelwa futhi Inthanethi Izinto (IoT) ayabaluleka izingxenye nakakhulu embonini ngayinye, okwenza izinqubo ngokushesha futhi esebenza kahle ngokuya izindleko, isikhathi kanye ukulandeleka. Ukuhamba kwedijithali kuvumela ukuthi imboni ngayinye izuze okuningi ngokuncane; okungenani lokhu kukhomba nokwenza ngifuna intuthuko zakamuva amandla wekhompyutha kanye algorithm ezihlakaniphile, kanye nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe izinzwa, miniaturization, amarobhothi kanye drones, basiza ngisho embonini yezokwakha ukuqaphela indlela bangakwazi ukuhlanganisa imihlaba yedijithali neyenyama yokwakha izakhiwo ezishibhile, ezivuthiwe nezokuphepha ngesikhathi esingaphansi.
Isibonelo salokhu indlela ama-drones avumela ngayo ukuthwebula izithombe eziningi ngesikhathi esifushane, okusiza umsebenzi wokuhlela. Kodwa hhayi lokho kuphela, njengoba kuye ngenzwa i-drone enayo, idatha ingatholwa ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho izici zomzimba zingamodelwa ezinikeza inani elikhulu elingeziwe ku-photogrammetry yoketshezi olula. Lo mqondo oshintsha ngempela ubuso bemboni ye-AEC ileyo “yeDigital Twins” kanye nezibonelo zakamuva ze-Hololens2 ubufakazi bangempela obungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona bokuthi sizoba nokunye okuningi kwalokhu ngale kwemboni yezokuzijabulisa.
Ngokombiko wakamuva we-Gartner, ukuthambekela kwe-"Digital Twin" kusondela "Ukulindela Okuphakeme". Yini enye? Phakathi neminyaka emi-5 kuye kweyi-10, lo mkhuba kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele “ePlateau of Productivity”.
Iyini i-twin digital?
Iwele ledijithali lisho imodeli ebonakalayo yenqubo, umkhiqizo noma isevisi. Iwele ledijithali liyisixhumanisi phakathi kwezinto zangempela-umhlaba kanye nokumelela kwayo kwedijithali okuqhubekayo isebenzisa idatha yensiza. Yonke idatha iphuma ezinjenini ezisezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukumelwa kwe-digital kuyasetshenziselwa ukubonakala, ukulinganisa, ukuhlaziywa, ukulinganisa nokuhlela okwengeziwe.
Ngokungafani nokumodelwa kwe-BIM, iwele ledijithali akusebenzi into enokubonakaliswa kwendawo. Isibonelo, inqubo yokuthengiselana, ifayili lomuntu, noma iqoqo lobudlelwano phakathi kwababambiqhaza nezinyunithi zokuphatha.
Vele, iwele ledijithali lezingqalasizinda likhanga kakhulu, okungenani emkhakheni we-Geo-engineering. Ngokwakha iwele ledijithali lesakhiwo, abanikazi bezakhiwo nabahlinzeki bangavimbela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezenzeka esakhiweni, zamukele amasu okwakha, futhi ngenxa yalokho zibe nezakhiwo eziphephe kakhudlwana. Isibonelo, ungakha iwele ledijithali lesakhiwo bese uhlola ukuthi lizosabela kanjani ekuzamazameni komhlaba okukhulu. Ngokuya ngomphumela, ungenza ushintsho oludingekayo esakhiweni, ngaphambi kokuba inhlekelele iqale futhi izinto zingalawuleki. Le yindlela iwele ledijithali lesakhiwo elingasindisa ngayo izimpilo.
Amawele adijithali avumela umklami wokwakha ukuba abe nolwazi lonke oluhlobene nesakhiwo esitholakalayo ngesikhathi sangempela, ehambisana nefayela lokuphila elibandakanya ukukhulelwa, ukuklama, ukwakhiwa, ukugcinwa nokusebenza kwefa. Inikeza ukufinyelela okusheshayo kuwo wonke ulwazi mayelana nesayithi yokwakhiwa. Kubasiza abakhi ukuba baqiniseke njalo ngezinto ezincane kunazo zonke, njengezinyathelo ezidingekayo ze-borrow.
Njengoba kwabiwe kamuva nje u-Mark Enzer, CTO, MottMacDonald esakhiweni se-SMARTIn Summit 2019, lapho kuxoxwa ngezinga lokuvuselela lamawele edijithali; "Akukhona ngesikhathi sangempela, cishe yisikhathi esifanele."
Izinzuzo zokusetshenziswa kwamawele edijithali ekwakhiweni.
Ukusetshenziswa okulungile kwetheknoloji kwenza izinqubo ziphumelele kakhulu. Isibonelo, amawele edijithali, ngokuvumela ukulinganisa kube namandla okuphatha umonakalo obangelwa izinhlekelele zemvelo nezenzelwe umuntu. Bangasiza izakhamizi zihola impilo ephephile. Isibonelo, esimweni sezingqalasizinda lapho kudingeke khona ukuthi kube nomgwaqo omkhulu, ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokuhamba ngezinyawo, singakwazi ukubikezela ukuthi nini futhi kuphi lapho kuzoba khona ukungqubuzana okwengeziwe. Ngokuletha izinguquko ezidingekile kumodeli wedijithali wengqalasizinda, kungenzeka ukufezekisa ukuphepha okukhulu, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza okuphansi kokukwakhiwa nokugcinwa kwefa.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amawele edijithali ekwakheni ziningi. Ezinye zazo zichazwe ngezansi:
Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo inqubekela phambili yokwakhiwa.
Ukuqapha kwangempela kwesikhashana esakhiweni sendawo ngekhamera ledijithali kuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi ophelile uhambisana namacebo kanye nokucaciswa. Ngamawele edijithali, kungenzeka ukulandelela izinguquko kumodeli njengoba lakhiwe, nsuku zonke nangehora, futhi uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi ukuphambuka, isinyathelo esisheshayo singathathwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sekhonkrithi, ukuphahlazeka kwamakholomu noma noma yikuphi ukudluliselwa kwezinto ezakhiweni zendawo yokwakhiwa kungaqinisekiswa kalula kumawele amabili. Ukuthola okunjalo kuholele ekuhloleni okungeziwe kanye nezinkinga zitholakalayo ngokushesha, okuholela ezixazululweni ezisebenzayo.
Ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinsiza.
Amawele adijithali abuye aholele ekunikezeni okungcono izinsiza kanye nezinkampani ezizosiza ukugwema ukulahlekelwa isikhathi sokukhiqiza ekuhambeni nasekuphatheni izinto ezingadingekile. Ngokusetshenziswa kwalolu buchwepheshe, ukwabiwa ngokweqile kungagwenywa futhi kulula ukubikezela ngokuzenzakalelayo izidingo zemithombo kusayithi.
Ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwemishini kungalandelwa futhi ongasetshenzisiwe angakhululwa ngeminye imisebenzi. Lokhu kusindisa isikhathi nemali.
Ukuqapha kokuphepha
Ukuphepha ukukhathazeka okukhulu kumasayithi wokwakha. Amawele we-Digital, ngokuvumela izinkampani ukuba zilandele abantu nezindawo eziyingozi kwisayithi yokwakhiwa, siza ukugwema ukusebenzisa izinto ezingaphephile nemisebenzi ezindaweni eziyingozi. Ngokusekelwe kolwazi lwesikhathi sangempela, uhlelo lwesaziso sokuqala lungathuthukiswa oluvumela umphathi wokwakha ukwazi ukuthi isisebenzi sensimu sitholakala esifundeni esingaphephile. Isaziso singathunyelwa futhi kudivayisi ephathekayo yesisebenzi ukuvimbela ingozi ukuthi ingabikho.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-digital twin technology ekwakhiweni ziningi. Imikhuba endala kunzima, kepha ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle ngokwengeziwe ekwakhiweni, kuyadingeka ukuba uye kudijithali. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-twin technology ye-digital kungaletha amasha amakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ingqalasizinda futhi ulethe ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kahle ezindaweni ezintsha. Umkhakha kumele ulungiselele futhi uvumelane nemvelo eguquguqukayo yedijithali!
Isibonelo salokho
Sibe nethuba lokuxoxisana nozakwethu baseBrazil ngonyaka odlule, eLondon. Ngokusebenzisa iwele ledijithali, isikhumulo sezindiza i-Governador José Richa (SBLO) saseBrazil, isikhumulo sezindiza sesine ngobukhulu eningizimu yeBrazil sikwazi ukuphatha idatha yesikhumulo sezindiza futhi sifeze ukusebenza kahle okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwaso.
Ukuzizwa isidingo ahlele kangcono idatha sezindiza, opharetha sezindiza SBLO, Infraero Sinqume ukudala twin digital njengemigoqo anezikhala engokoqobo futhi Igumbi esimaphakathi yonke idatha sezindiza, kufaka ekhatsi sakhiwonchanti, izakhiwo, ibhilidi izinhlelo , izindawo kanye namabalazwe kanye nedatha yokuphatha.
I-BIM kanye ne-GIS kanye nezicelo ze-Bentley zisetshenziselwa ukufanekisela izikhungo ze-20 ezikhona, ezihlanganisa ngaphezu kwamamitha ayisithupha e-920,000 esiphezulu sezindiza. Baphinde bahlele indlela yokukhipha kanye nokuhamba komgwaqo, amadidi amabili okugibela amabhayisikili kanye nohlelo lokuhamba ngezinyawo kanye nemigwaqo yokufinyelela. Ithimba lephrojekthi laphinde ladala idatha ye-parametric ukuze isekele ukuhlela nokuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi.
Ithimba lephrojekthi ladala i-twin yedijithali yesikhumulo sezindiza esihlanganisa isikrini sangempela sezindiza kanye nenqolobane ephakathi kuyo yonke idatha yesikhumulo sezindiza. Indawo yokugcina ibasiza abasebenzisi ukuthi baqonde ngokunembile indawo yezinhlelo ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yesikhumulo sezindiza, ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwebhizinisi ngemisebenzi ephephile futhi ephumelelayo. Iwele ledijithali lizophinde lihlehlise yonke amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda yangqalasizinda yesikhumulo sezindiza, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlela nokuphatha. Ngosizo lwewele ledijithali, i-Infraero inganciphisa izindleko zesondlo futhi ifinyelele ukusebenza kwezindiza okungcono ku-SBLO. Ithimba lephrojekthi ilindele ukulondoloza okungaphezu kwe-BRL 559,000 ngonyaka ngewele layo ledijithali. Inhlangano iphinde ilindele ukubona ukwanda kwenzalo yayo.
Isofthiwe isetshenzisiwe
I-ProjectWise isetshenziselwe ukwakha ipulatifomu yokuhlanganisa isikhumulo sezindiza, eyasebenza njengendawo yokuxhumeka kwedatha yephrojekthi. Ikhono ukungenisa MicroStation iphuzu ifu inikwe amandla iqembu ukudala ngokoqobo anezikhala zonke izakhiwo sezindiza usebenzisa iphuzu amafu. OpenBuildings Umklami (phambilini obuwaziwa ngo AECOsim Isakhiwo Umklami) wasiza futhi ekuklameni ahlele imitapo izindawo sezindiza futhi kukhombisa indlela ukugcina umgibeli wezimpahla esibulalayo, esiteshini umlilo nezinye izakhiwo ezikhona kakade. Leli qembu lasebenzisa OpenRoads project ukwakha evele Jomethri futhi ithrekhi uhlelo ibalazwe kokwehla zezindiza, taxiways futhi inkonzo imigwaqo.
