ISAHLUKO 9: UKUFANELELA KWEZINJONGO
Nakuba sesivele sibheke amasu amaningana ukudweba ngokunembile izinto ezihlukene, ngokuzikhandla, njengoba umdwebo wethu uthola ubunzima, izinto ezintsha zivame ukudala futhi zihlale zikhona maqondana ne-already drawn. Okokuthi, izakhi ezisevele zikhona emdwebeni wethu zisinikeza izinkomba ze-geometric zezinto ezintsha. Ngokuvamile singathola, isibonelo, ukuthi umugqa olandelayo uphuma phakathi kwendilinga, i-vertex ethile ye-polygon noma i-middlepoint yenye umugqa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-Autocad inikeza ithuluzi elinamandla lokusayina kalula la maphuzu ngesikhathi kwenziwa imiyalo yokudweba okuthiwa i-Reference to objects.
Inkomba izinto Ngakho indlela ukhiye ukusizakala izimfanelo weJiyomethri lezinto kakade edonswe kulowo ukwakhiwa lezinto ezintsha, ngoba ukhonza bona abuye asebenzise iphuzu njengoba midpoint, empambana 2 imigqa noma tangent phakathi kwabanye. Kufanele futhi ukuthi ukubhekisela izinto uhlobo umyalo esobala, okungukuthi, kungenzeka icele lapho kukhishwa umyalo umdvwebo.
Indlela esheshayo yokusebenzisa izithenjwa ezihlukahlukene ezintweni ezitholakalayo, ukusebenzisa inkinobho yesibha yomumo, evumela ukuthi kusebenze izinkomba ezithile, futhi siyakuphikelela, ngisho noma sesivele siqale umyalo wokudweba. Ake sithathe ukubukeka kokuqala.
Ake sibone isibonelo. Sizodonsela umugqa oqondile owokuphela kokuqala ozovumelana ne-vertex yechungechunge owodwa kanti enye nge-quadrant ezingeni ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye zembuthano. Kuzo zombili izimo sizokwenza kusebenze izingcaphuno ezibonakalayo ezidingekayo ngesikhathi kwenziwa umyalo wokudweba.
Ukubhekisela kwezinto kuvunyelwe ukwakha umugqa ngokuchaneka okuphelele futhi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngempela ngezixhumanisi, i-angle noma ubude bezinto. Manje ake sithi sifisa ukwengeza umbuthano kulolu chungechunge esesikhungo sakhe esivumelana nombuthano okhona (kungumxhumanisi wensimbi obuka eceleni). Futhi, inkinobho ye-Object Reference izosisiza ukuba sithole lesi sikhungo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ezinye izilinganiso ezifana nokuhlelwa kwayo kweCartesian ngokuphelele.
Ukubhekisela ezintweni ezingasetshenziswa nge-inkinobho futhi ukubukeka kwayo kubonakala ngokushesha.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, sinokunye okuqondiswayo kwinto kwimenyu yokuqukethwe uma, ngomyalo wokudweba, sicindezela inkinobho "Shift" bese inkinobho yenkinobho yesokudla.
Isici esiyingqayizivele kwezinye izikhombo ezivela kule menyu ukuthi azibhekisisi ngokuqinile ezimfanelweni zejometri zezinto, kodwa kunalokho kuzandiso noma kokususiwe kwalokhu. Ngamanye amagama, amanye ala mathuluzi akhomba amaphuzu akhona kuphela ngaphansi kokucatshangelwa okuthile. Isibonelo, ireferensi "Isandiso", esibonile kuvidiyo edlule, iyakhombisa, ngokunembile, i-vector ekhombisa inkomba umugqa noma i-arc ebingaba nayo uma ngabe ibanzi kakhulu. Isethenjwa esithi "Dummy interways" singakhomba iphoyinti elingekho ngempela esikhaleni esinezinhlangothi ezintathu njengoba futhi sikubonile kwividiyo.
Esinye isibonelo ireferensi "Okuphakathi phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili", okuthi, njengoba negama laso libonisa, ukusekela umugqa ophakathi kwamaphuzu amabili, noma ngabe iphuzu kungeyona into.
Icala lesithathu elisebenza ngomqondo ofanayo, okungukuthi, lokumisa amaphuzu athathwe kubuchwepheshe bezinto kepha okungezona ezabo ngokufanele, yireferensi ethi "Okusuka", evumela ukuchaza iphuzu ebangeni elithile ukusuka elinye iphuzu lesisekelo. Ngakho-ke le "Object Reference" ingaphinde isetshenziswe ngokuhambisana nezinye izikhombo, njenge- "Endpoint".
Ezinguqulweni ezedlule ze-Autocad, bekuyinto evamile kakhulu ukwenza isebenze yamathuluzi we- "Object Reference" bese ucindezela izinkinobho zezethenjwa ezifunwayo phakathi komyalo wokudweba. Lo mkhuba usungenziwa, noma ukubonakala kwembambo yokubonisana kuvame ukusula indawo yokudweba futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwama-toolbars. Esikhundleni salokho, manje usungasebenzisa inkinobho yokudonsela phansi kubha yesimo, njengoba kuboniswe ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke, i-Autocad futhi inikezela ngendlela yokwenza kusebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo inkomba eyodwa noma eziningi ezizosetshenziswa unomphela lapho kudweba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele silungiselele ukusebenza kwe- "Object reference" ngethebhu elihambisanayo lebhokisi lengxoxo "Drawing parameter".
Uma kule bhokisi lengxoxo sisebenza, ngokwesibonelo, izinkomba "Ukuphela" nokuthi "Isikhungo", khona-ke lokho kuzoba yizethenjwa esizokubona ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho siqala umyalo wokudweba noma wokuhlela. Uma ngaleso sikhathi sifuna ukusebenzisa enye ireferensi, sisengasebenzisa inkinobho kubha yesimo noma kumenyu yokuqukethwe. Umehluko ukuthi imenyu yokuqukethwe izosebenza kuphela into oyifunayo ngesikhashana, ngenkathi ibhokisi noma inkinobho kubha yesimo ibashiye basebenze ngemiyalo elandelayo yokudweba. Kodwa-ke, akulungile ukwenza kusebenze zonke izinkomba zezinto ezisebhokisaneni lengxoxo, noma kuncane uma umdwebo wethu uqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto, ngoba inani lamaphoyinti akhonjisiwe angaba likhulu kangangokuba ukuphumelela kwezinkomba kungalahleka. Noma kufanele futhi kuphawulwe ukuthi lapho kunamaphuzu amaningi wereferensi wezinto ezisebenzayo, singabeka ikhesa endaweni ethile esikrinini bese sicindezela inkinobho "TAB". Lokhu kuzophoqa i-Autocad ukukhombisa izinkomba eziseduze kwesikhombisi ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingaba khona izikhathi lapho sifuna ukukhubaza konke ukuqhuma kwento ezenzakalelayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukuba nenkululeko ephelele nesikhombisi esikrinini. Kulawa macala, singasebenzisa inketho ethi "Akukho" kumenyu yokuqukethwe evela nenkinobho "Shift" nenkinobho yegundane kwesokudla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusobala ukuthi i-Autocad ikhomba iphuzu lokugcina, ngokwesibonelo, ngendlela ehlukile kunekhombisa i-midpoint futhi lokhu kuhlukaniswe ngokucacile esikhungweni. Iphuzu ngalinye lesethenjwa linophawu oluthile. Ukuvela kwalezi zimaki noma cha, nokuthi ikhesa "idonswe" kulelo phuzu, kunqunywa yisilungiselelo se-AutoSnap, okungekho lutho ngaphandle kosizo olubonakalayo lwe- "Object Snap." Ukuze ulungiselele i-AutoSnap, sisebenzisa ithebhu "yokudweba" yebhokisi lengxoxo "Izinketho" elivela nemenyu yokuqala ye-Autocad.