Ukuhambisa ipulatifomu yeGeospatial eminyakeni eyi-10 kamuva - Microstation Geographics - Oracle Spatial

Lena inselele ovamile for cadastre futhi ekudwetshweni kwamabalazwe amaphrojekthi amaningi, okuyinto 2000-2010 Microstation Geographics ihlanganiswe isikhathi njengoba lwezendawo idatha injini, ucabangela izizathu ngendlela elandelayo:

• Ukuphathwa kwe-Arc-node bekukhona futhi kuqhubeka nokusebenza kakhulu, kumaphrojekthi we-cadastral.
• I DGN elinye ezikhangayo, ucabangela versioned efayeleni efanayo, okuyinto ayikashintshi eminyakeni 15, kuphambene nezinye nezakhiwo lapho sesibonile izinguqulo zayo eziningi akuhambisani njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
• Ku-2002, isofthiwe yamahhala kwakuyiphupho elide kulokho esinakho namhlanje.
• Amazinga we-OGC awazange abe nesisindo ngisho nasofthiwe yokuthengisa.
• Amafayela we-shp ayelinganiselwe amaphrojekthi wephrofayela ephakeme futhi izisekelo zendawo zazingavaliwe emaqenjini angewona amisiwe ayekethisa ukusebenza kwe-server ... nesiliva.
• Ukuxhumeka kude kwakuyi-incipient uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho esinawo manje.

Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa i-GIS okususelwa kuhlelo “oluxhumene ne-CAD” kwakuyisixazululo esisebenzayo, noma ngabe ukusetshenziswa kwakudeliwe ngenhloso yokwethula ekhangayo. I-VBA API yayigcwele ukuhlelela izindlela zokuphatha okwenziwayo ezixhunywe kwi-ProjectWise yokulawulwa kwamafayela aphathekayo kanye nethuba lokusebenzisa Umshicileli we-GeoWeb ekuhlaziyweni kwendawo okuvela kuseva, yize ukushicilelwa kwakukhawulelwe ku-ActiveX ku-Internet Explorer (okwakungunyaka lowo kwakuyi isiphequluli esisodwa).

Inkinga ayikaze iguquke kancane kancane futhi esikhundleni sokuthuthela kuGeospatial Server noma ezinye izinhlobo eziqinile zeProjectWise, efuna ukwenza i-GIS iphile kumafayili aphathekayo, inamandla onke we-Oracle Spatial enelayisense kanye namandla okuthuthuka. Ngakho-ke leyo bekuyinselelo yethu.

1. I-database: Ama-Postgres, i-SQL Server noma i-Oracle?

Ikakhulu, bengizokhetha eyokuqala. Kepha uma uphambi kohlelo lokuthengiselana olungagxili kuzinsizakalo kepha lusebenza kahle, lapho ingxenye yomqondo nobuqotho kufana ne-PL ku-database, ushintsho kusisekelo se-OpenSoure akuyona into ephuthumayo. Cha, ngaphandle kokuthi inhloso yakho ukuthuthukisa uhlobo olusha lohlelo olungatholakali esikhathini esiseduze.

Futhi akumayelana nokwenza isenzo seTaliban ukwehlisa yonke into enuka ngasese. Ngakho-ke ukuhlala ne-Oracle kuyisinqumo esihlakaniphile, uma sisebenza kahle, uma sikhulu futhi sifuna, uma sakhiwe kahle, sivikelwe futhi uma ukwesekwa kuphakanyiswa. Itimu yesinye isenzakalo.

Ngakho-ke okwakushiywe kwakukuhlakulela ukusebenza komsebenzi okumele uthunyelwe kulolu hlelo, izinsizakalo zokushicilela kanye namathuluzi wokuphatha idatha yokuthengisa.

Ukuze ulawule izindima nabasebenzisi, okwakungaphathwa ngaphambilini kusuka ku-ProjectWise, kwakhiwe ithuluzi le-modular elivumelekile:

• Lawula abasebenzisi kanye nezindima kusuka ku-VBA ye-BentleyMap.
• Nika kumsebenzisi ngamalungelo okuphatha, ngqo kuminyango kanye nomasipala.
• Nika ilungelo kufayela le-cadastral ngephrojekthi.
• Ilungelo lamathuluzi atholakala kumamojula wezokwakha, okushicilelwa, okushicilelwa, okubonisana nawokuphatha. Ngale ndlela, izicelo ezintsha kuphela ezakhiwe futhi zivele kubasebenzisi ngokuya ngendima yabo noma isabelo esithile.
• Leli jenali lokungena ngemvume libuye lenze kube lula ukucubungula okuvamile kwephrojekthi ye-BentleyMap, njengokuthi ukungena kwezigaba kanye nezici zomuthi ezichazwe kwi-Geospatial Administrator kubonakala kuphela ngokungena.

Iphaneli yalokhu ixazulula ukungaqondi kanye nezingozi zabasebenzisi ezintsha kuzici ezinjengeDatha Ukusebenzisana. Yikuphi okunye ukushaywa, ngoba iBentley ihlela ngokwendabuko e-Oracle Spatial, okuyinto enhle kodwa futhi eyingozi uma ungenakho ukulawula okwenziwayo.

Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, i-Module yokwakha yayinezinto ezilandelayo:

• Nika Izici
• Umsizi wokuxhumanisa we-Geographic
• Ukufuduka Kwesikhala Sokwabelana
• Susa izinto
• Hlela ama-polygons
• Thumela i-Shp / i-CAD
• Ngenisa i-Shp / CAD
• Geoline ukufuduka
• I-Geopunto yokufuduka
• I-georegion yokufuduka
• Bhalisa imephu
• Xhumanisa i-Geo-Line
• Xhumanisa i-geo-Point
• Isixhumanisi se-Geo-Isixhumanisi

Amathuluzi abengeziwe ayengezwe kancane kancane, kufaka phakathi okunye ukuhlela ngqo i-Geospatial Administrator.

• Umlawuli ukubuka izici
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Topological
• Umbuzo SAFT
• Bheka isici
• Guqula i-Curve kuya ku-LineString
• Dala izici
• Dala izakhiwo
• Ukulungiswa kwe-DBConnect
• Umbuzo we-DBConnect
• Hlela isici se-Xfm
• Hlela iphrojekthi ye-Xfm
• Susa Izici Xfm
• Ukuhlonza iphasela
• Shintsha uphawu lokufanekisa
• Bhala ngaphezulu izici
• Ukuqokwa ngamakilasi
• Ukuzenzekela
• Thethaze by uhlu olungahle
• Izinsiza ze-Xfm

2. Idatha: Ukufuduka kusuka ku-DGN kuye e-Spatial Base: Oracle Buider noma iBentley Map?

Inselele ezithakazelisayo kakhulu kule nkathi, i-kufuduka elawulwa kwakudingeka futhi, uma sicabangela ukuthi amafayela DGN kokunikwa Ukuvuselela phezu 10 iminyaka ungase unezinkinga yomphindwa-a madness kweqiniso.

Ngempela kwakunjalo. Izinkinga ezinkulu zamamephu zilapha:

• Ukuguqulwa ngokulambisa etulweni lokumbulala ifayela umngcele (wemboni noma zone) kusho ukuthi kufanele kube khona ukuguqulwa kokubili, kuhlanganise afanayo ISIZINDA ezimweni ezifana lapho wemboni umugqa owodwa kodwa engumakhelwane ukuthi umugqa is ihlukene.
• Kukhona amafayela emva kokuthengiswa kwe-300 okugcinwe emlandweni we-DGN kungonakaliswa.
• Akukho izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi iKhabhinethi ukulawuleka, njengombana lapho endaweni udlulela kwenye umakhelwane kwenye ifayela, ngoba amanani ukuthi alikwazi ukuxazululwa kumephu ngoba bekuyosho ukuthi kuhlolwe ensimini ukugwema ezithinta umuntu wesithathu.
• Imikhuba emibi, njengokufaka amamephu kumaphesenti ahlukene, kulokhu kwakukhona imikhakha ku-NAD27, nakuba izinga liyi-WGS84. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ukulungiswa kwenziwa phakathi kwedatha evela ekuhloleni okuhlukile, kuya ekuphambeni.

Isixazululo kwakuyithuluzi lenhlobo le-Wizzard lokufuduka kwabantu abaningi, okungahanjiswa ngamunye ebalazweni, eziningana noma ngisho nomasipala (ihholo ledolobha) noma umnyango.

Ngokuyinhloko ukuthi leli thuluzi lithatha idatha yephrojekthi ye-Geographics futhi liyakhuthaza kuzici zeBenltey Map, bese yenza uchungechunge lwezimvume, njenge:

• Ubuhlobo obulodwa kuya kwesinye phakathi kwe-geometry ne-database,
• Ukuqinisekiswa kokuntuleka kokuphindaphindiwe,
• Ukuqinisekiswa kwesimo se-cent-centroid,
• Ukuqinisekiswa kwemephu izinto ngokuphathelene nezinto ezingasebenziyo ku-database,
• Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Topology ngokuphathelene nezinkolelo ezikhona endaweni yasendaweni

Ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa, iphaneli ivumela ukwengeza ulwazi ngendlela enkulu, njengendlela yokulinganisa kanye nezinga lokulawula izinga lelo datha.

Ekugcineni, thumela ku-database, ekugcineni wenze umbiko. Ukusuka kulokhu okushiwo yiqiniso kukhona ukunweba okukhulu, kepha ekugcineni kwalungiswa kwizifiso ze-Oracle Spatial ezisatholakali njengalezo zeBentley nendlela yazo yokubona izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ama-vertices amaningi.

3. Ukushicilelwa: iGeoserver noma iMapServer? I-OpenLayers noma iLeaflet?

Isibukeli sakhiwe kusetshenziswa i-OpenLayers namanye ama-plugins. Ngokokuqala ngqa ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokunganakwa kokuthuthukiswa kwengxenye yendawo, kwabonakala isibukeli esisha esangena esikhundleni se-ActiveX yeGeoWeb Publisher. Ikhodi yeMephuFish isetshenziselwe ukuphrinta, i-geojson ukulawula umuthi oseceleni, kusuka kwaGeoserver izendlalelo ezenzelwe i-OracleSpatial zanikezwa.

Okokugcina, ukushintshwa kobuchwepheshe kwenziwa ngokulandela igrafu elandelayo. Njengoba ungabona, inhlanganisela yekhodi yamahhala, ukugcina idatha kanye nokuphathwa komhlaba usebenzisa isofthiwe yokuthengisa.

4. Yakha futhi uhlele, uqondise ku-Oracle Spatial. Imephu yeBentley noma i-QGIS?

Le enye indaba. IBentley Map ihlela ngokwesiko ngokwendawo, okudala izingxabano uma ingeke isebenze neTransactional Web Feature Service (WFS). Ingxabano ithi:

Indlela yokuxazulula umthetho wokungavumeli i-topology inqamuke, uma ihlelwa futhi uma ifuna ukuthumela imibiko ukuthi le nto iyithinta yona?

Lokhu kuxazululwe ngokuhlela ngaphambili, ukuhlela ngokuqondile futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi uma ukuthumela, uma kukhona okuhluleka ukuhumusha kuyatholwa ngaphandle kokuthengiswa kuqediwe kodwa esimweni esiphumele.

Enye inkinga okumele ixazululwe yi-entry enkulu yemininingwane, kucabangela ukuthi abasebenzisi kufanele bayeke ukusebenzisa i-Geographics futhi babe nemiklamo eminingana ephakamisa i-cadastre enkulu.

Lokhu kwakulula ngoba ithuluzi elifanayo kuphela elenziwe ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha ku-Microstation Geographics, ukusiza ngekhono le-BentleyMap kanye nomsizi olawulwa kakhulu.

Isithombe sikhombisa indlela leli thuluzi yasungulwa, nge ezinye izici, ezifana ukudalwa kanye nokubhaliswa vertices kanye iinthombe Puntoparcela njengoba uhlu ukusebenza uma indlela yokulinganisa ezinye vertices angahlangabezani ethile yekhwalithi ejwayelekile.

Ngokuqinisekile, lokhu kugeleza kwakukuhle kakhulu, ngoba abasebenzisi babazi ukuthi imaphi amathuluzi abawasebenzisa kakhulu. Kwakudingeka ukubenza bashintshe ukucabanga kwabo phakathi kokuhamba kusuka kuzici eziningi baye ekuphatheni ngamazinga, ukukhuthaza izinzuzo ezintsha ukuze bakhohlwe i-archaic Microstation V8 2004, njengensizakalo ye-WMS, ukuvela obala nokwaziwa komdabu kwamafayela e-DWG wezinguqulo zakamuva; Ongakusho ngokusebenzisana ne-kml, shp ne-gml ye-astral kakhulu.

Ngokulingana kwakhiwe amathuluzi wokulondolozwa kwama-cadastral, okukhethwa kukho ukuhlelwa ngokuqondile ngobunjwa noma ukuwabeka e-arc-node yezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi.

5. Iklayenti lomasipala nge-GML. I-QGIS noma i-gvSIG?

QGIS. Kepha leyo enye indaba ongayixoxa kamuva.