Ukwakha umshini wendawo ye-UTM nge-Excel ne-AutoCAD.

Yibize ngokufunayo, amamephu enkomba noma ama-cartographic quadrants, igridi ye-geodesic, lapho igama lidingeka khona akunandaba. Ukusebenza lokhu ohlelweni lwe-GIS kufanele kube lula, kepha ake sithi esinakho yi-AutoCAD.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule ngachaza umsuka wegridi ye-cartographic, kanye nencazelo ye UTM iqondisa; Sizosebenzisa indawo efanayo engu-16 njengesibonelo, yize kusebenza kwezinye, isisekelo esisebusweni salowo strip kuphela okuwukuphela komugqa oqonde ngqo futhi uqondile ngqo ekuhlanganeni kwempumalanga = 300,000.

Lesi siqeshana sineziqu eziyi-6, futhi uma sibona ukuthi siyanda ukusuka esigxotsheni esisenyakatho sibheke enkabazwe, lapho i-latitude inguziro; bese ubheke esigxotsheni eseningizimu iyancipha, futhi nobubanzi buyafana kepha buphakathi nendawo. Awu ungayakha kanjani

1. Masakhe izixhumanisi ne-Excel

Ngenxa yalokhu, sisebenzisa nje ithuluzi lelo phambilini besikade sisebenzisa Ukuguqula ukuxhumanisa kwezindawo kube yi-UTM, ngizokhetha isiponji seWGS84, bese ngibeka indawo yokuhamba nobude obuthakazelayo:

Amaphutha: Kusukela enkabazwe kuya enyakatho, isigaba ngasinye sikazibuthe sineziqu eziyi-8 kuye kuhlamvu w, u-x kuphela unama-degree angu-12, ukuze kuthi ukusuka ku-N kuye ku-W sibe no-9 × 8 = 72, sinezela u-12 esikutholayo kuma-degree angama-84, enyakatho Nenkabazwe. Ukuyenza maqondana nezwe eliseningizimu bekungafana ncamashi, kepha esikhundleni se-N kungathatha i-S.GoogleEarth ayikhombisi okusele ukugwema inkinga yokuthi le ngxenye izodinga ukubalwa okungenamkhawulo. Kulokhu sizoyakha ibe yingxenye W.

Uma sisakha ku-Excel sinalo ithebula elilandelayo:
 

Ubude. Uma sibheka kahle, ukwakha umugqa wangakwesobunxele kudinga kuphela ubude bomkhawulo phakathi kwezindawo 15 no-16 (90 degrees). Ukwakha umkhawulo ofanele, itafula lingidalela inkinga ngoba lapho lingena ebangeni elingu-84, libala izixhumanisi ezifanayo kepha ku-zone 17, ngakho-ke ngizosebenzisa ama-degree angama-84, imizuzu engu-zero nemizuzwana engu-0.00000001, ngakho-ke inani lihlala liwela endaweni 16 futhi njengoba ukuxhumanisa kunezindawo ezimbili zamadesimali akukho ukulahleka kwedatha.

2. Dweba amaphuzu nge-AutoCAD

Ukuyidweba ku-AutoCAD, kulula, ikholomu R inokuvumelana i-copypaste. Ngakho-ke okuqukethwe kwale kholomu kukopishwe ku-Excel, bese ku-AutoCAD, senza kusebenze umyalo wephoyinti (dweba / ukhombe / iphuzu eliningi) bese wenza unamathisele kulayini womyalo. Ngokushesha siba namaphuzu alo mesh adwetshiwe.

Uma ungaboni, shintsha ifomethi ngesitayela sefomethi / iphuzu bese ushiya i-5% isihlobo esibukweni.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kungaba ukudweba imigqa ejoyina le mesh, kepha ake sizame ukuyihlanganisa sihlanganisa i-Excel ne-AutoCAD, ngoba uma i-mesh ibinokuqina okuningi bekuzoba nezingxenye eziningi zephuzu okufanele sizenze.

3. Yakha imigqa emi mpo.

Lokhu wenza okufanayo ngokwakha amaphuzu, kuphela ukuthi esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umyalo wamaphoyinti sisebenzisa umugqa womyalo; futhi yilokho, sisusa umugqa owedlulele.

Uqinisekile ukuthi lokho kungenziwa kuphela ngokudweba, kepha khumbula ukuthi le mesh ingemikhakha engama-8 degree kuphela, lapho wenza imessage denser uzothola ukusetshenziswa.

4. Yakha imigqa evundlile.

Ukwenza imigqa evundlile udinga kuphela ukubeka izixhumanisi zomkhawulo wesobunxele kukholamu nangakwesokudla kwalokhu izixhumanisi zomkhawulo ofanele. Ukwenza lokhu kangcono kwenye ikholomu ngekhophi bese unamathisela amanani akhethekile, anamathisela, ngakho-ke awunankinga yokukopisha amafomula, kufanele abukeke njengesithombe esibonisiwe.

Into elandelayo ukukhetha okuqukethwe kwawo womabili amakholomu, bese wenza i-AutoCAD wenza ikhophi, kwi-AutoCAD wenza umugqa womyalo bese unamathisela.

futhi yilokho, vele ususe okunye.

Ngiyagcizelela, kwabaningi le nqubo izobukeka ingadingeki, kepha uma wenza imeshi eshinyene kuzoba usizo kakhulu ngoba ukusula okusele kuzoba lula ngoba kuzoba nolayini abade abangakhethwa kalula futhi basuswe. Ngakho-ke ngishiyela kubuciko bakho bokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani le nqubo ukwakha inetha eliphelele ezikalini ezahlukahlukene ze-quadrant.

Kusobala ukuthi lokho enginawo akuyona imingcele ye-georeferenced, ngoba lokho akusho AutoCAD, enginakho imesh enezixhumanisi ze-UTM ezilingana nobude bezindawo nobude. Ukuyihlaziya, kufanele kwenziwe nge ArcGIS, Cadcorp, I-Map3D, ezininginingi, I-Microstation Goegraphics noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-cartographic olufana nalezi. Kepha sizokubona lokho ngesinye isikhathi, njengoba kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi amayunithi ...