Ukubaluleka kokunciphisa abalamuli kuRegistry Yokuphatha - iCadastre

Enkulumweni yami yakamuva ye- Seminar on Intuthuko e-Multi-Land Cadastre eLatin America, ebibanjelwe eBogotá, ngigxile ekugcizeleleni ukubaluleka kokubeka isakhamuzi enkabeni yezinzuzo zezinqubo zesimanje. Ukhulume ngenqubo yenqubo ekuhlanganiseni ukuphathwa kweCadastre - Registry, egcizelela ukuthi ukubuyekezwa kwezinqubo kuyisinyathelo esiyisibopho sokunciphisa imisebenzi, izinyathelo, izidingo noma imisebenzi engangezi inani, okuwumphumela wemikhawulo ebesinayo nokuthi obahluphekayo ngumsebenzisi wokugcina.

Inqubo yesimanje ibanzi kunenqubo ezenzakalelayo. Okubaluleke ngaphezu kokuklama uhlelo noma indlela yokushanela ye-cadastral, isu lokuthuthukisa izinqubo kumele likhuthazwe ngokusebenza kahle kwezinsizakalo zezakhamizi okungenani ngesikhathi, izindleko, ikhwalithi, ukuphathwa kwedatha nokulandeleka.

Endabeni yalesi sihloko, ngifuna ukubhekisela kwinani labathumeli ukuthi kukhona ukulawulwa kokubhalisa, nokuthi lokhu kuthinta kanjani izinkomba zokukhangisa ezweni.

1. Abalamuli abaningi = izinqubo eziningi = izidingo eziningi = isikhathi esiningi = izindleko eziningi.

Ukukhuthaza inqubo yesimanje yokuphathwa kwerejista kumele kubhekwe yonke inqubo, hhayi ukuze kusizakale isikhungo kepha yisakhamuzi. Ngokombono wethu wesikhungo, sizohlala sicabanga ngokubuyekezwa okusha, ukulawula okusha, isidingo esisha, njengezici esikholelwa ukuthi zengeza inani, futhi yize sicabanga ngokunciphisa izikhathi, ngeke sicabange ngezikhathi zomhlaba kanye nokwenza ngcono izimo zabadlali Bangaphandle kwesikhungo kepha abangenelela ngomsebenzisi, njengomphenyi, ummeli olungisa izivumelwano, ibhange noma umasipala.

Isibonelo esibalulekile sesifiso lapho i-Integrated Cadastre Management Model - Registry yezwe eliseMelika Ephakathi obekufanele ngihambisane nalo, izinhloso, izinselelo zalo zibandakanya:

• Ukungabi nalutho lokuthola ulwazi lokubhalisa yi-notary force isakhamuzi sokuthola isitifiketi sokubhalisa.
• Ukusabalalisa kwe-cadastre ezikhungo ezintathu ezihlukene, ngokoqobo ngokomzimba, iqiniso langempela lentela kanye neqiniso langokwezimali, futhi lokho kuthinta isakhamuzi ngoba kufanele kuhambisane nalezi zindawo ukuthola i-solvency, ukukhokha noma okubi kakhulu amacala okuhlola.
• Ukubunzima kobuchwepheshe obuphumelelayo bama-surveyors aqinisekisiwe, okusho ukungabaza isilinganiso sabo futhi bahlolwe ngaphezu kwe-5o% yamacala.
• Ukuntuleka kokufinyelela okufutshane kwesakhamuzi, okuvumela ukufaka (isethulo) ngaphandle kokuya ehhovisi lomzimba elisezindlunkulu zomnyango kuphela.
• Inhloso enhle yokusiza omasipala eqoqweni labo, kepha lokho kudinga ukuthola ukuqoqwa kwentela ukuze bakwazi ukubhalisa. Ngokuxakaniseka okubandakanya lokhu, ngoba phakathi nesikhathi lapho icubungula izidingo, ukusebenza kwalolo solvency kungaphela.

Lokhu kwenza ukuthi isakhamuzi kufanele siye: kwiRegistry Property, ummeli olungisa izivumelwano, i-surveyor, i-Fiscal Cadastre, i-Municipal Cadastre, i-Physical Cadastre futhi njalo ekugcineni nazo zonke izidingo ze-Property Registry. Lokhu kusebenzisana okungenani kabili, esimweni lapho unikezwa lokho okudingekayo emzameni wokuqala, akudingeki ukuthi uhlanze noma iyiphi idatha engavumelani, engadingi isitifiketi sendawo yomngcele futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile okungenani nommeli lokho kuzuza ngandlela-thile kulokhu kuba yinkimbinkimbi.

Inqubo yesimanje kufanele ifake nokwenza ngcono imodeli yokuphatha yesakhamuzi. Uma kungenjalo, kumane kuzenzakalela ngemikhuba emibi.

Kuleli lizwe, isikhathi sokubhalisa asenzanga okuncane ukwehlisa isikhathi sokubhalisa sisuka ezinsukwini ezingama-30 kuye kwezingu-22, uma isikhathi seRegistry Registry siyizinsuku eziyi-10, ukuvunywa kohlelo + izinsuku eziyi-15 isitifiketi + 25 uma kukhona ukuhlolwa: futhi uma kukhona ama-cadastres amathathu phakathi; yande. Ngakho-ke, uma leli zwe engibhekise kulo liphumelela (ngoba uma bephikelela ngokuyala bazolifeza) esikhathini esifushane sifeze isifiso sokwenza lula lelo chungechunge, ngenqubo eyingqayizivele yenqubo, njengoba sivumile, Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi kufanele uye ukuyibona hhayi nje ukujabulela ukunambitheka kwama-güirila kanye ne-gallo pinto, okunethezeka.

Nginikeza esinye isibonelo, esimweni seNingizimu Melika, lapho manje ngibheka khona udaba lwezinqubo, lapho kunohlobo olulodwa kuphela lweRegistry Registry, kepha lapho kungenelela khona umphathi wezindawo ezisemadolobheni kanye noMnyango Wezokuhlela. Ukwengezwa kule nkinga, iCadastre isemaphethelweni eketanga, noma ngabe sekubhalisiwe ushintsho olufaka ukuguqulwa kwemifanekiso, futhi ezimweni eziningi alusazi ngisho nesexwayiso olungasithola kumgcini, wesakhiwo esisha. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi isakhamuzi sidlule: Kubhaliso Lwezakhiwo ngenkululeko yokugodlwa, ummeli olungisa izivumelwano, umhloli wezincwadi, umphathi, uMasipala, iRegistry Registry yeProphathi yokubhaliswa kanye neCadastre; Ngengozi yokuthi ngonyaka ngemuva kokuthengisa, bazokushayela kusuka kwaRejistri Yomhlaba, badinga ukuthi ubaphathele imephu yomhloli, ngoba imininingwane ayihambelani nesisekelo sabo se-cadastral.

Isakhamuzi sibaluleke ngaphezu kwenqubo.

Eziningi zalezi zinyathelo nokulawula kubonakala kukuhle ohlangothini lwesikhungo. Kepha ngasohlangothini lwesakhamuzi, yisikhathi, izindleko, ukuphindaphindwa kwezidingo, ukungafani kwemininingwane, ekugcineni kuyizinkomba eziphansi zokuncintisana kwezwe.

Noma kunjalo, amandla alokho okufiswa yileli lizwe likabhanana kuzoba yisibonelo okufanele usibone. Ah, ngoba lapha ngaphezu kwalokho ithreyi le-paisa noma i-gratin patacón ingumbukiso wokuthi leyo michungechunge eyaziwayo eyethulwa yiNetflix ayinayo.

2. Abalamuli abambalwa = isikhuthazo esikhulu semakethe yezindlu = isiko lokubhalisa elandisiwe.

Ukunciphisa abaxhumanisi ku-Registry-Cadastre transaction chain ngeke kwenziwe ngokombono wezikhungo, ngabanye. Lokhu akuwona umsebenzi wochwepheshe be-cadastral, ngisho nababhalisi, ngoba iningi labo lizohambisana nesiko, inqubo noma ngisho nomthetho. Ngeke baze bethule ososayensi bamakhompyutha abazokujabulela ukusebenzisa amagama afana nokuthi #AI #4IR #IoT #BigData #DeepLearning #DigitalTwin. Lezi zinguquko (kusobala ukuthi ngikhuluma ngabaxhumanisi kuphela) zithatha umbono wobunjiniyela bezimboni kanye nentando yezepolitiki ezinqumweni ezivuna ukuthuthukiswa kwesizwe; ngokuzwela kwesakhamuzi esihlushwa yi-bureaucracy, kanye nomqondo ovamile wezenzo ezinhle eziye zasebenza kokubili esimweni saseMelika nasemazweni asevele ewunqobe lowo muzwa wokuthi inkimbinkimbi kakhulu "epholile", ngaphandle ukubusa iqembu elincane labantu abahlala njalo ezikhungweni, abathuthuke kakhulu umqondo ophusile futhi abalindele nje ithuba lokusebenzisa imibono yokwenza lula engazange inanelwe -nakuba kufanele kufike izinwele ezimhlophe ukuqinisa lokho okwakucatshangwa kakade-.

Kufana nenkulumo edumile yomunye wabeluleki bami ngaphesheya kwechibi:  Amaphrojekthi amakhulu awadingi izinjini, kodwa abadayisi bebhizinisi.

Konke kuseduze nesakhamuzi, kubheka ukuthi yini engeza inani. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ukuthenga i-recharge yeminithi ngocingo oluphathekayo noma ukukhokha isikweletu kwakuyindlela elandelwayo ku-ejensi; namuhla ungayithenga ekuphumeni kwesitolo noma ku-inthanethi. Ngoba kubo akulona ibhizinisi okufanele balikhokhise, kepha bazinikele ekusebenzeni kwemishini emisha kwezokuxhumana. Ngaphambi kokuthi ucingo ngalunye lube nezigxobo zalo, amakhebuli, izikhungo zedatha, manje sebekhipha lokho ngoba ibhizinisi labo alilona elezobunjiniyela, ngisho nesayensi yamakhompyutha.

Izinto eziningi ezenziwa yizikhungo zombuso zinganikezwa abantu bangaphandle, ngoba azingezi nzuzo, noma ngoba omunye umuntu angakwenza kangcono. Isibonelo, ukugcwalisa (ukwamukela), okungenziwa ngumdlali oseduze nesakhamuzi okufanele ahambe kuso, njengomthengisi, ummeli olungisa izivumelwano, umasipala, ibhange, noma kungaphathwa isakhamuzi ngokwaso. . Imisebenzi yokwehlukaniswa kwezindawo ezingenanzuzo kuHulumeni ingawusiza ngisho nokugxila ekulawuleni abaqhubi nokwenza imisebenzi enenani elikhulu esakhamuzini, efana neziqu nokubhaliswa, ibe yimpumelelo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemibandela yokufaneleka kanye nokwenza lula izifanekiso kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinjini ezizenzekelayo, ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bephutha kusuka kumuntu ofaka inqubo, kuye kufaneli yokufaneleka; cishe njengoba kwenza isitifiketi sokubhalisa manje njengoba eminyakeni engu-40 edlule sasikholelwa ukuthi "singaboniswa futhi sibhalwe ngevesi" kuphela kodwa manje asiboni inkinga ukuthi umphumela okhishwe uhlelo ngendlela yethebula.

Futhi bona ukuthi asikhulumi ngisho nangezinkontileka ezihlakaniphile noma ama-notary avulekile. Sikhuluma ngokuncipha kwabalamuli.

Imisebenzi eminingi ingenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa, uma ucabanga ngesakhamuzi. Isibonelo, izinkokhelo eziningi, ekugcineni eziya kusimo esifanayo nokuthi ezobuchwepheshe zingahlukaniswa noma ngabe zikhokhiswa endaweni eyodwa.

Umbuso awunamali; unemali yethu. UMbuso ukhona ukuze unikeze isakhamuzi usizo olungcono, hhayi ukulawula intando phakathi kwamaqembu ngezenzo ezisemthethweni. Abenzi bezinqumo kumele bagxile emizamweni yabo enhlizweni yomsebenzi womphakathi.

Isakhamuzi sifunda kabanzi ematekisi endleleni esuka ehhovisi legumbi le-Catastro ukuya ehhovisi leRegistry, kunokuba iseluleko se-ISO gurus.

Kuhle ukuthi manje ngenza umugqa owodwa, ukwenza ikhotheshini, ngikhokhe ngekhadi lami nesethulo, esikhundleni semigqa emithathu ebengivame ukuyenza phakathi komqambi we-appraiser, ibhange nomamukeli. Manje angikhokhi ngisho i-ejenti ngoba ngiyazi ukuthi leso sikhathi sizolungiswa.

Nginokulahlwa okuthathu kule nqubo. Njalo uma umhlaziyi ohlukile engilinganisela yona.

Anginandaba nesignesha yoMqondisi weCadastre, ngesitembu esithi sikhishwe yisikhungo kanye nendlela yokuhlola ukuthi ithembekile.

Angiluqondi lolo hlu lwezimfuneko abalushicilele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ngikhokhe ummeli olungisa izivumelwano ukuze angichazele wona nomphathi ukuze angibuyekezele wona.

Angazi ukuthi ngifinyelele kanjani le mfuneko uma beyithatha ewindini bese bayiphonsa kudoti.

3. Zingaki izinyathelo lapho ukuphathwa kwerejistari kungancishiselwa khona.

Ukuqinisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukwenza lula, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukulawula, ngizosebenzisa izinkomba "ukwenza ibhizinisi” kuya ku-Okthoba 2018, yenani lezinyathelo ezihilelekile ekuphathweni kokubhalisa, futhi ngizogxila emazweni aseMelika naseYurophu njengamaphuzu okuqhathanisa.  Bheka ukuthi indlela yokusebenza esetshenziswa ukwenza ibhizinisi ibiza ngokuthi “izinqubo”, ngoba ngingaba nabaxhumanisi ababili kuphela njengabalingisi, kodwa uma kufanele ngidlule kubo kathathu, ngokuqinisekile kuzoba nezinqubo eziyisithupha; ngoba akwenzekanga ngezizathu ezifanayo. Futhi nakuba ezinye zalezi zinkomba zithathwa ezinsizakalweni ezithile nezimo emadolobheni amakhulu, ziyisiqalo sokuqhathanisa sokucabanga lapho sifuna khona noma esingaya khona.

Amazwe anamahhovisi amaningi ngokwama-intermediaries of management registry:

Ithebula elingenhla likhombisa amazwe anabaxhumanisi abaningi, kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-14.

Ukushiya iBrazil ngaphandle, phakathi kwezimo ezimbi kunazo zonke zesakhamuzi esenzelwe lezi zinhloso yi-Uruguay, Venezuela naseNicaragua ngezinyathelo ze-9.

I-Mexico inezixhumanisi ze-8.

I-Colombia, i-Panama, i-Guatemala, i-Argentina ne-Bolivia inezixhumanisi ze-7.

Ikholomu lokuqala likusimo sokusebenza kahle kwerejista, okuthi, ngaphandle kwabalamuli, libheke izici zekhwalithi zokuphathwa komhlaba, izikhathi nobudlelwano bezindleko maqondana nenani lento entengiselwano. Lesi simo, ukwehla ngcono; ukuze ababekwe phambili kuleli qembu kube yi-Ecuador, enabalamuli abayisishiyagalombili abanesikhundla sama-8, kanye neColombia esesikhundleni sabangama-75 nabalamuli abayi-59. Noma kunjalo, bakleliswe nezinselelo eziningi, ngaphezulu kwama-7; IBolivia neNicaragua yizona ezikude kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuhehayo kwesakhamuzi.

Amazwe anezinga elilinganiselwe labalamuli.

Ithebula elingenhla libonisa amazwe anezihambeli kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-6.

Bheka lapha konke okuseLatin America.

Lapha kubuye kwehle iSpain, okuphakathi kwabaxhumanisi abayi-6 futhi kungabonakala ngokusobala ukuthi ngaphandle kokunciphisa izinqubo, izindleko, isikhathi nekhwalithi yolwazi lwe-cadastral nakho kuyathonya, njengoba kunjalo naseCanada enezinga elingaphansi kwama-40, nePeru kanye ICosta Rica enezinga elingaphansi kwama-50. IHaiti nayo yeqise, yize inabalamuli aba-5 kuphela, inezinga le-181.

Akungabazeki ukuthi izinkomba zentuthuko zilinganisiwe, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesici somuntu njengoba zithinteka ukuxhaswa kwezepolitiki, ukungabi khona kwemisebenzi yomphakathi kanye nokugcizelelwa okuncane ekuthuthukiseni izinkomba zokusebenza kahle. Ukungasho igebe lokushoda kwesiko lokubhalisa.

Amazwe anezixazululo ezifanele emkhakheni wokubhalisa.

Lokhu okunye ukweqisa. Bheka, njengoba amazwe anabaxhumanisi abambalwa engaphansi kwama-40 asezingeni lokuncintisana ekusebenzeni kahle kwerejista.Okungenani ama-4 afaka phakathi ithuba lokuthi kwenziwe zonke izinyathelo ngaphambi kwegunya elilodwa lokubhalisa; kuyinsizakalo yokuzenzela ngaphambi kokubhalisa okuthembekile.

I-Denmark ne-Finland banezixhumanisi ze-3, ezinezikhundla ze-11 ne-28 ngokulandelanayo.

I-Russia, iSwitzerland, i-Italy ne-United States zinabalamuli abayi-4. Ngendlela, i-United States ukuphela kwezwe eMelika ngaphakathi kwaleli qembu.

Ngivala lesi sihloko ngalokhu, ukuze ngikhumbule ukuthi imibono yami ayifuni ukubalethela ekuzalweni, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi indodakazi yami ingenza ngizizwe.

Ngelinye ilanga emini ngo-11: 30 ntambama, emithambekeni yeCordillera de Montecillos, ngilambile futhi ngalelo bhakana le-GPS likhipha ama-jets wezithukuthuku emhlane wami, ngangizama ukuchazela umnikazi ukubaluleka kwesilinganiso esisha ukuthi besikwenza. Ngemuva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa amagama e-UTM, ukulungiswa okuhlukile, i-satellite constellation, i-WGS84, ifomethi yedijithali namanye amagama ebengicabanga ukuthi angaqinisekisa umnikazi wepulazi, ngathi:

Inani elibaluleke kunazo zonke kule nqubo entsha ukuthi umakhelwane wakho akakwazi ukufakwa emkhawulweni wendawo yakho.

Wathutha umkhonto owafika okhalweni lwakhe wathi:

Bheka injini, lesi yisiqinisekiso esivumelekile kimi.

Wabe esengimemeza ukuba ngidle ama-tortillas amasha ayenziwe ngamaqanda nezinyosi, futhi wakhuthaza indlela yokuya epulazini elilandelayo.

Ingqikithi yokunezela inani ayaziwa yilabo bethu ohlangothini lwenqubo yokwakhiwa. Isakhamuzi siyakwazi lokho futhi akumele siyeke ukusibuza.

Okuyinhloko yenceku yomphakathi ukusiza ekuthuthukiseni izwe, okwenza ukuphila kube lula kowakhamuzi.