Kokuhle ezindabeni ze-QGIS 3.X

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinhlelo ze-Open Source zikwazile kanjani ukuzondla ngendlela ezinzile futhi zinikeza ngamathuba ebhizinisi kulabo abenezele inani lokufaka isandla; ngenkathi ivumela ukuzinikezela kumnyombo webhizinisi yazi ukuthi izidingo zizokhokhwa ngabanye ochwepheshe ebhizinisini labo. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zeWordPress, i-PostgreSQL ne-QGIS kufanele ngikuthande.

Kude nalokho okuthunyelwe kuqala esenziwe ngakho I-Quantum GIS 1.02 ngo-2009 naku- Imiphumela ye-QGIS 3 ngo-2016. Ukweqa nakho konke obekukudingile kukhombisile umthwalo ohlangothini lwabaxhasi bawo, ukuzibophezela ohlangothini lomphakathi wentuthuko kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ukwamukelwa ohlangothini lwabasebenzisi, ngaphezu kokulindelwe, abakhule ekuqondeni; ngaphesheya kwezimo zeTaliban eziphikisana nohlelo lobunikazi, egxile emandleni okuncintisana e-QGIS. Kule ndatshana, ngokubuka kwethu, sizobonisa ezinye izinto ezintsha nokusebenza kwezinguquko zakamuva okungenani kuze kufike kulokho okukhonjisiwe ngemuva kwalesi sigwebo, esaziyo ukuthi ngeke kube ngesokugcina.

“Siyajabula ukumemezela ukukhishwa kweQGIS 3.6 'Noosa'! INoosa kwakuyindawo yomhlangano wabathuthukisi base-Australia ekwindla ka-2017. " I-Qgis Blog

Isikhombisi-ndlela

• themes

Kusukela ku-2.8 Las Palmas version, umbono we-interface uthuthukisiwe, ngokuklama okubuyekeziwe kakhulu kwezinkinobho zesenzo namamenyu amakhulu. Ekugcineni okuziwa, i-3.6 Noosa, ungaqhubeka ukwenza ngokwezifiso, ukuvumelanisa iphrofayli yomsebenzisi kanye nezidingo zakho ezibukwayo. Singahamba kusukela ekubukeni okujwayelekile ukuya ekubukeni ebusuku, sisiza labo abachitha amahora amaningi benza izinqubo ezahlukene zezinqubo.

Ku-Qgis 3.4, ufaka kwimenyu ye-add-ons, kukhona okukhethwa kukho Layisha i-QSS - izingqikithi ze-UI, ku-injini yokusesha, futhi emva kokufaka, kwimenyu ye-add-ons, uzothola inketho Layisha i-UI Theme. Kusuka efasiteleni eliphumela ungakhetha kuzo zonke izinketho noma yikuphi okufaneleka kakhulu.

Nge-version ye-3.6, inketho ye-Night Mapping izohlanganiswa, futhi ingasetshenziswa kusuka kumakhi we-interface, ukuze kungadingeki ukuthi ulande uphinde ufake ama-add-ons.

• Sesha

Ngombono oyinhloko, amabhokisi okusesha ayengeziwe, lapho singathola khona ukusebenza noma amathuluzi ngokushesha; njengoba, isibonelo: wokubala, ukulungiselelwa, ukucubungula ama-algorithms, ukukhomba izendlalelo zephrojekthi, noma izimpawu zendawo.

Kuwindidi yezakhiwo zobunqamuleli, ibhokisi lokusesha lafakiwe futhi, lapho ungathola khona izici noma izinqubo ezihlobene nocingo. Isibonelo, igama lifakwa engxenyeni yokusesha izimfanelo (1), yonke imiyalo equkethe izimpawu zamagama (i-2) ibonakala kwizici zobungqimba kanye ne-panelal functionalities, ngakho-ke uma sikhetha enye yazo, kungabonakala ukuthi enye yezinketho iqukethe igama izimfanelo (3). 

• Izinkomba zobulungu

Uma wenza noma yikuphi ukucubungula kwendlalelo, njengokuhlunga kwe-attribute, kwakungekho nkhomba engasikisela ukuthi ungqimba lunesihlungi. Kulezi izinguqulo ezintsha, kokubili 3.4 njengasezulwini 3.6, zengezwe inqubo izinkomba izingqimba, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esilandelayo, ukuze umhlaziyi ongabona ngazo kuhlungwe, ivinjiwe noma uhlobo lwe-eraser uhlobo.

Imihlangano

Kulezi zibuyekezo zakamuva, umkhiqizo we-cartographic ungenziwa, ucacisa iphrofayili yomsebenzisi ozokwenza izinguquko noma ahlele. Kumenyu enkulu; Kungenzeka wakhe amaphrofayli amaningi wabasebenzisi njengoba kudingeka futhi amaphrojekthi wephrofayili ngayinye agcinwa kumafolda ezimpande zeQgis 3. Indlela yinto enjengale yabasebenzisi beWindows: C: \ User \\ AppData \ Roaming \ QGIS \ QGIS3 \ amaprofayli \ okuzenzakalelayo

Kusetshenziswe

Ngokuphathelene nokusetshenziselwa i-vector noma izinhlangano ze-raster, ukungalingani kwamasu okulungiswa kwe-algorithms kuye kwafakiwe, kanti ezinye ezinye zithuthukisiwe ukuze kube nesipiliyoni esingcono somsebenzisi

• Uhlelo lokubhekisela

Uma ufaka izinhlangano ezingenalo uhlelo olucacisiwe lwesithenjwa sendawo, isicelo sizocela ukuthi sibonise ukuthi indawo yendawo yale datha izoba yini. Ifasitela ivuleka, lapho ungakhetha kusuka ezihlukahlukene izinhlelo zokuxhumanisa ezivela emhlabeni wonke, phansi, indawo yendlela ekhethiwe ibonisiwe, ebalazweni futhi ungaqinisekisa uma kulungile, ngaphambi kokungeza idatha kanye nezinkinga zendawo zenzeke.

• Edition

Uhlelo lwezinhlangano manje selulula kakhulu, njengezinkampani ezizungezile ezizenzakalelayo noma ze-polygonal, noma kunjalo, kufanele uvule uphinde uvale ukuhlela, okungenani ku-3.4 version. Amathuluzi afakiwe afana noku: ukunciphisa izinhlangano, ukuhlola kwe-topological, ukuguqulwa kweseluleko -kuvula umugqa-, noma ukuhambisa ama-vertic of one noma zonke izendlalelo. Ngombhalo we-3.6 Noosa, kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe ukulungiswa kokuhlelwa kwe-algorithms ngesikhathi sokuhlela, ukugwema ukwakha izendlalelo ezintsha.

Ebhokisini lesithuluzi lokucubungula, kunemisebenzi yokukhetha izakhi ngaphakathi kwezinhlangano ngokusho kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezici, njengokuthi: ukukhethwa yizimfanelo, ukukhethwa ngamazwi noma indawo. Abathuthukisi be-Qgis 3.6, bachaze olunye uhlobo lokukhethwa, olubizwa ngokuthi ukukhethwa ngenani, elihambisana nezimfanelo ezitholakale kwi-vector entity.

Omunye izicelo ezenziwe abasebenzisi, kwaba ukwethulwa CADtools umphelelisi kuya 3.6 inguqulo, ngenxa yanoma yisiphi kulezi izinguqulo 3.X, waba kuhlongozwe, bese ufake umphathi izengezo wabonisa ukuthi kwaba inguqulo ephelelwe yisikhathi engakwazanga ababulawa .

• Ukubhalisa

Ukubhalisa kungenye inqubo eye yathuthukiswa ngazo zonke izindlela. Kulula kakhulu ukubeka ilebula elula noma ukudala ukubhaliswa kwamabhizinisi ngokusekelwe emithethweni. Kulezi zinketho kufakwa ukuvinjelwa, lokhu kusiza ukuthi okwamanje ukuthi amalebula wezinye izendlalelo adalwe, angaphazamisa ukubonakala kwamabhizinisi, kwendlalelo evinjelwe.

• I-Symbology

Izici ezintsha zishintshiwe futhi zengeziwe ukuze zithole ngokushesha i-symbolism efisa, njengokufinyelela - inkinobho kwesokudla kwendlalelo - izitayela zezinhlangano. Ku-Qgis 3.6 Noosa, izici ezifana nokubonisa izitayela zengezwa xml, ku-panel yesiphequluli noma imithetho.

• I-Raster

Ngokuphathelene nezinqubo ezihlobene ne-raster, ukulungiswa kwezibalo eziningana kuye kwanezelwa ukwenza izinqubo zokuhlunga nokuhlaziywa. It kwahambisana zonke izici langaphambilini, kubalwa izibalo we raster okusekelwe omunye ivolumu ukubala endaweni, ukubeka M amagugu, ukubeka amanani Z ngokuvumelana vertices beqembu ngamunye, noma yokukhipha okuqukethwe ifomethi kanambambili - newijethi yefomu yamasimu okubambisana (ibhulogi) -. Futhi, kule nkinga, i-renderer eyi-value eyingqayizivele kanye namakaki wesithombe se-raster afakiwe.

• Idatha ye-3D

Mayelana nedatha ye-3D, izinketho ezintsha zengezwa njengokuthungwa kwezwe, okungukuthi, umhlaziyi uzokwazi ukunquma indlela ummeleli wakhe azobekwa ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungahlela izibani kuzigcawu ze-3D, lapho unezibani ze-8 lapho isikhundla, amandla, umbala nokulinda kusungulwa khona.

Ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi

Ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi kuye kwathuthukiswa, kufaka phakathi imisebenzi efana nokusungula amafolda ephrojekthi-njengoba kwenziwa ku-ArcGIS Pro, isibonelo-, ukuze bakwazi ukugcina zonke izinqubo nemikhiqizo ehlobene nephrojekthi endaweni eyodwa. Esikhathini mask Qala iphrojekthi, umkhankaso wokuqala usungulwe, okungukuthi, umzila lapho idatha ezocutshungulwa khona

• Ukubuka okuningi

Esinye isici esingene kwipulatifomu yikhono lokubona ukubukwa okuhlukahlukene kwemephu, kufaka phakathi leyo equkethe idatha ye-3D. Kusuka kwimenyu enkulu, kunketho yokubuka, kukhona amathuba amabili wokungeza ukubukwa, ukubukwa kwemephu ye-2D (Ukubukwa kwemephu okusha - i-ctrl + M) noma ukubukwa kwemephu okusha kwe-3D. Ngemuva kokukhetha uhlobo lokubuka ukungeza, zingabekwa ngezindlela ezihlukile futhi zihlanganiswe ekubukweni okuyinhloko, kusuka ohlangothini olulodwa - iphaneli lesokudla - lapho ungabeka khona ukubukwa kokubili noma ukufana nombono omkhulu.

Ngokubeka ababukeli abaningi, ungaqinisekisa izici ezithile zebalazwe eliyinhloko elingeke libonwe ekuphumeni komkhiqizo wokugcina. Iwindi ngalinye elisha lihlanganiswe ngokugcwele nesakhiwo se-interface, ngaphezu kokuvumelanisa noma hhayi nedatha ewindini elikhulu, ukubuka idatha ngesilinganiso esithile, ukubonisa izichasiselo, isikhundla se-cursor noma amalebula.

• Ukwakheka kokuprinta

Uma sibuyela esikhathini esedlule, futhi sisebenzisana nokusebenza kwaleli thuluzi ngezinguqulelo zangaphambilini, wonke umuntu uzovuma ukuthi kwakunzima futhi kunzima; kuze kufinyelelwe iphuzu lapho ulwazi olusetshenzisiwe lukhishwa futhi befuna ukusebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo zokukhiqiza umkhiqizo wokugcina. Kulezi zinguqulo zakamuva, lesi sesevisi sithuthukisiwe ngaphakathi, futhi sivumela ukunyatheliswa kwe-3D ukubukwa. Umhlaziyi angakha eyodwa noma izingqikithi eziningi zombukiso ofanayo, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukwengeza amakhasi ekubunjweni kwakhe.

Ukwengezwa kuwo wonke okushiwo ngenhla, ezinye izinto zengeziwe, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ufake ezinye izinhlobo zedatha ezifana: Ukusekelwa kwe-3D Mesh - futhi konke okuhilela ukuphathwa kwalokhu kwedatha, njengokuhlonza izakhi-.

• Amaphakheji nezithombe ezisetshenzisiwe

Ngaphakathi kwe-Qgis, ukusebenzisa kanye namaphakheji, ngakho baye bagcina ukufakwa kwezingxenye ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lamathuluzi wokucubungula - kubonakala sengathi ngijwayelene nami njengoba ngenza nge-ArcGIS Pro-.

Kuphinde kulindeleke ukuthi amanye amathuluzi angasetshenziswa ku-3.4 version azoqhubeka nokufakwa, phakathi kokuthi angabizwa ngokuthi: ukungenisa kwezithombe ezifakwe geotagged-ezibekwe ebhokisini lamathuluzi wokucubungula-. Ngalesi thuluzi indawo yokubeka iphuzu idalwe, lapho kutholakala khona i-geo-tagged noma izithombe zendawo. Kuthiwa izithombe kufanele zibe kwifomathi ye-JPEG, futhi yonke imikhombandlela ingene ohlelweni, ngaleyo ndlela idale umkhiqizo wendawo ngezici zokuphakama.

Ezinye izindaba ze-Qgis 3.6

Ngaphezu kwakho konke okushiwo ngenhla, izici ezilandelayo, izinto zokusebenza kanye nezengezo zengeziwe, ezifakwe ngendlela engafaniswa nezinguqulo ze-2X, kule nguqulo:

• Umqondisi wemithombo yedatha usekela ukudalwa kwezendlalelo ezibonakalayo, idatha yedatha yemifino - idatha yemifino, kanye ne-geopacks -
• Umphakathi wabasebenzisi nabathuthukisi, ubeke amazwana ekusetshenzisweni kolimi lwe-C ++, ukuze kuhlanganiswe kabusha noma ukuthuthukiswa kwe-algorithms ekhona ngaphambili.
• Ukuhleleka kokudala izigaba, ukuqoqa iqembu nokuzihlanganisa kungempela. Kuye kwasiza abaqhubi, izinto eziguquguqukayo ezizosiza ekwakheni izinkulumo ngendlela elula.
• Izinqubo noma imisebenzi zenziwa ngemuva, ngakho aziphazamisi ekufezeni imisebenzi eminye.
• Abaningi -kuhlanganise nathi- Sibuze imibuzo kumaforamu mayelana nezici ezithile, amathuluzi noma imisebenzi ye-Qgis, ngenxa yokungabi namadokhumenti amaningi kulezi zakhi. Kule nguqulo entsha, ithimba lonjiniyela libonise ukuthi kukhona imibhalo engcono yezinqubo namathuluzi akha i-GIS.
• Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza okuncane okuye kwashiwo, kodwa sethemba ukufakazela, yisikhathi sesilayidi, esihlotshaniswa nezifundo eziningi zesikhashana.
• Ukunyakaza kwekhwalithi yekhompyutha yokubala.
• Ukusekelwa kwe-JSON yamaphakheji we-geo.

"QGIS isofthiwe yamahhala futhi akudingeki ukhokhe noma yini oyisebenzisayo. Eqinisweni, sifuna ukukhuthaza abantu emhlabeni wonke ukuba bayisebenzise, ​​kungakhathaliseki isimo sabo sezezimali noma sezenhlalakahle. Sikholelwa ukuthi ukuqeqesha abantu abanamathuluzi okwenza izindawo kuzoholela emphakathini ongcono kubo bonke abantu. "I-blog ye-Qgis

Njengabahlaziyi futhi abanelukuluku lokwazi endaweni ye-"Geographic Information Systems", leli thuluzi lokuhlaziya indawo, enguqulweni yalo 3.6 Noosa, linganikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu ekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo. Ekhasini elisemthethweni le- Qgis, yizinguqulo ezichazwe kulesi sihloko. Umehluko phakathi kweyodwa yilokho i-3.4 Madeira yinguqulo yokukhululwa isikhathi eside, enezinkinga zokulungisa okwenzeka phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inguqulo ye-3.6 Noosa inguqulo ecebile kuzici zezidakamizwa, kodwa ngokungaqiniseki okuqondakalayo, futhi ingafakwa izimbungulu ngesikhathi sisebenzisa.