Ukubukeka kwangaphakathi
Lapho sifunda izimfundiso ezihlukahlukene ukuthi ukusekela ukuxoxa yangokwesiko kokubili isayensi yokufundwa ukumela imihlola kwendawo ezifana art ukunikeza lolu lwazi le yobuhle kudingekile, siyaqaphela ukuthi isikhathi esiphila kuhlanganisa nezenzo eziningi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke lapho sisebenzisa khona isenzo sokusebenza njengezenzo zansuku zonke.
Kusukela ngesikhathi thina uvule idivayisi yeselula, ulwazi thina ukuthumela noma wamukele lihlotshaniswa georeferencing: Isimo sezulu, izindaba zakamuva, zokuxhumana, kokukhuluma ibalazwe, i-GPS kusebenze noma kophawu kwezithombe. Kuyacaca ukuthi lena akezanga ngobusuku obubodwa, njalo ekutheni umshiya nasiphi isithombe kufanele baphile nomzuzu engakaze ibonwe, nakuba siqaphela amandla cishe ongenamkhawulo obuntu lo mshini ngokuba akunakwenzeka ukucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka kungenzeki 25 eminyakeni edlule. Ngendlela efanayo mhlawumbe akekho wacabanga 25 edlule, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi lapho yelwati kanye computer science ayanda exponentially massification emisha ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.
Ngisho noma umgomo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo ube yisenzo esingokwemvelo somuntu, ukucubungula ukubonakala kwawo kudivayisi ephrintiwe noma imephu, isikhathi eside kwakuwumsebenzi okhethekile futhi unokufinyelela kuphela eqenjini elihle labantu. Ngakho ukuhlaziya isimo sangaphakathi se-Geo-referencing kubalulekile kokubili ukuzimisela kwayo kanye nokwenza lokho okuzokwenzeka kwezinye iziyalo eminyakeni ezayo. Ake sibone ukuthi izimpendulo zale nkinga.
I-georeferencing yaba kanjani yangaphakathi?
Isizathu silula ngokomthetho: ngoba i-geolocation iyingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Nsuku zonke sidinga ukuzulazula endaweni enezinhlangothi ezintathu, lapho sishayela khona amabhulokhi angamashumi amabili ukuya kwesokudla, ayisithupha ukuya kwesokunxele, sehle ngamaleveli amabili ukupaka imoto, futhi senyuke amaleveli amane ukuze sisebenze ehhovisi. Lokhu singakwenza nsuku zonke futhi lapho sidinga ukukuchaza ephepheni noma kugrafu esikhangisweni, yilapho siqaphela kakhulu. Kodwa lokho kuhlukaniswa kwendawo okwesikhathi eside kwakungokwendawo futhi kunesithakazelo somuntu ngamunye, ngakho kwakwenziwa njengomkhuba wansuku zonke.
I-Kanakubo (1) ichaza ephepheni lakhe ngeNtuthuko yeContemporary Cartography, ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwemfundiso yokudweba imidwebo kuhlotshaniswa nezintshisekelo zezinhlangano ezibalulekile ngezikhathi ezithile; isibonelo, imibuso enqobayo, amaqembu ezombusazwe ezimpi, noma imibuso yomnotho yomhlaba wonke. Lezi zikhathi zenze isidingo sokubona i-georeference ngezinga elingaphezu kwendawo, njengokubona amazwe angomakhelwane, izwekazi kanye nendlela engamanje ngayo: ukucabanga komhlaba jikelele.
Isikhathi esiphila manje, senza isithakazelo sokulondoloza izwe elixhunyiwe, sidinga ukusetshenziswa kwe-georeferencing kuzinqubo zokuhamba. Vele yilokho ilethe isici eziwumgogodla: izitolo ezidinga abonisa lapho izakhiwo zabo, amakhasimende udinga ukufinyelela, abakhiqizi ubuchwepheshe ukuth ukuthuthukisa izicelo, Academy inikeza imfundo okunye kule ndawo futhi kulo mncintiswano kuletha emisha kubasebenzisi. Yiqiniso, umsebenzisi wokugcina akaqondi ngisho nalokhu, futhi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Intrinsic, ngoba kuphila kwansuku zonke.
Izinzuzo ze-geolocation yangaphakathi
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani sikholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuzuzisa, nakuba kamuva sizokhuluma ngezingozi. Kusukela ekubambeni ngalabo abasisekela umnotho wethu wezesayensi nobuchwepheshe be-geographic information, inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke izidingo ezikhulayo zezinsizakalo zethu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sihlakulela izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuqeqesha, ukuthengisa imikhiqizo noma amasevisi, iqiniso lokuthi ukuguqulwa kwemvelo kuyisisindo esizuzisa thina.
Kodwa ngaphandle kwezinto ezithandayo, inzuzo ebalulekile ekutholakaleni kwezicelo zomuntu, usuku ngalunye olunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe ekugxilweni kwe-geolocation. Ake sibone ukuthi kulula kangakanani manje ukuhamba usebenzisa umsizi we-GPS atholakalayo emotweni, futhi ucabange ngamathuba okungazange abe nakho nokuthi uhambo lwalukhona ngezizathu eziphuthumayo. Singabona futhi inzuzo yomsebenzisi ongakwazi ukubeka imikhiqizo yawo kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi, ezitholwa ikhasimende ngaphandle kwezwe, ngaphandle kokuxhumana ngqo.
Iziyalo ezihlobene ne-geo-engineering ziwubufakazi bezinzuzo ze-geolocation. Imishini ehloselwe ukuthunjwa kwedatha ensimini, nsuku zonke amanani amaningi. Kodwa futhi nsuku zonke kunzima ukwazi umngcele phakathi kwemisebenzi yamasimu kanye nekhabhinethi, ngenxa yokuthi i-georeferencing ifaka phakathi kokubili ukuthunjwa, ukulingiswa kanye nokusebenza kwezizinda. Amazinga afana ne-BIM (2) ahlose ukuletha i-geolocation ubukhulu kunalokho okucatshangwa, njengokusebenza, isikhathi nezindleko.
Kukhona nenzuzo enkulu ekukhiqizeni kolwazi nsuku zonke ngokuphumelelayo nakakhulu nsuku zonke. Ukubambisana ngokuzithandela namuhla kuyathakazelisa ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo ezifana ne-Open Street Maps, ikhathalogi yomhlaba wonke enekhathuthi eyenziwe ngumphakathi womsebenzisi ngenxa yomsindo owaziwa njengeCrowdsourcing. Lokhu bekungeke kwenzeke uma i-geolocation ingabi yi-intrinsic, ngoba ukukhiqiza lolu lwazi akudingekile umzamo ongaphezu kokuvula ukusebenza kwesabelo kudivayisi yeselula nokwamukela ukulayishwa kwedatha.
Ngakho uma sikhulisa ubukhulu bezinzuzo ku-geolocation, qiniseka ukuthi uhlu luyoba lukhulu kakhulu. Egxile ikakhulukazi emnothweni, ukuphathwa kwesikhathi isikhathi esihle, ukubambisana, ukuphepha kanye nethuba lokusungula ukuze kuzuze umuntu.
Izingozi ze-georeferencing yangaphakathi
Akuzona zonke izinto ezizotholakala endaweni engaziqiniseki njengokwedluliswa kolwazi lwentando yeningi. Kukhona izingozi ezihambisanayo, lapho okuwukuphela kwecala elivame ukuba ngumuntu ofanayo.
Phakathi kwalokhu singakusho, ukulahlekelwa ubumfihlo. Iqiniso lokuthi sincike kudivayisi exhunywe kuma-GPS, kubandakanya ukulethwa kolwazi lwe-geolocation olwake lwaba yedwa. Futhi nakuba kungase kube usizo kwabanye ukuthi bazi lapho izingane zabo zikhona khona, kungaba yingozi nakwezigebengu ukwazi lolo lwazi olufanayo. Ubumfihlo ekugcineni yisimo esihlobene nesingozi.
Enye ingozi isendleleni kaCrampton (3) encwadini yakhe yocwaningo ngesayensi exhunywe namamephu: uthi kwathatha kakhulu ukuthi amabalazwe abe nekhwalithi nosekelo lwesayensi esinalo manje. Kepha iqiniso lokuthi ukubonisana nokwenziwa kwamamephu ngabasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe kuba isenzo sangaphakathi, kuletha ubungozi bokulahlekelwa yikhwalithi noma imigomo ebekiwe. Isikhundla siyaziwa ukuthi lapho kushesha ukushesha ukusebenza kokuthuthuka kwesayensi, kuncipha umzamo wobuchopho ngakho-ke ingozi yokubuyela ekuhlakanipheni.
Ekuphetheni, i-georeference yangaphakathi yukufakwa kwe-geolocation kumigomo ehlukene yesintu, kokubili isayensi, ezobuchwepheshe noma nsuku zonke. Le georeference ishintshele ekudleni ukuthi siyenza ngokuzenzekelayo. Izinzuzo zikhulu kakhulu kunengozi, ngakho-ke kuyodingeka ukuba uqaphele izitayela, kokubili ukuthola amathuba nokuphakamisa izixazululo.
(1) iTositomo Kanakubo, Ukuthuthukiswa kweCoprographic Contemporary Theorical
(2) I-Modeling Information Building
(I-3) Indlela Ukumeka Kwenzeka Ngayo Isayensi
(4) Kuthathwe ngemvume yombhali: Uthisha wathi bekungeyona i-eseyi ayifunela ikilasi lakhe, ukuthi ulindele okuthile okungahlaziyi kangako, okuthe xaxa ngokwedlulele, okungaxhunywanga kangako, ngamafuphi. Isizathu esanele sokuyisebenzisa kabusha lapha.
