I-Municipal Cadastre, iyiphi indlela elula

Iminyaka eminingana yokuhlola, futhi lo mbuzo uhlala ujwayelekile. Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhalisa?

Siyavuma ukuthi lokhu akuyona iresiphi, njengoba kunezimo ezahlukahlukene okufanele zibhekwe futhi indlela ngayinye ingaba nokuhlukahluka okuphikisanayo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke ukunikeza ukukhanya kokuthunyelwe, ake sihlolisise ezinye zezici ezingaba wusizo ezinqumweni, ngenhloso yokutakula ukukhiqizwa kwesithangami sengxoxo esiqale ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule.

Okwenza i-cadastre kamasipala.  Ngiyacacisa lokhu, ngoba okuthunyelwe iyasebenza endaweni, lapho umasipala efuna ukwenza i-cadastre yakhe, kungaba ngezindlela zakhe noma ngokuxhaswa kwephrojekthi yokubambisana. Akusebenzi kuphrojekthi enkulu yesimanje ezingeni lesifunda noma likazwelonke, eliholwa yinkampani eyodwa, ezoba nezimo ezingcono zokwenza iphrojekthi nemali ethe xaxa yokusebenzisa… kepha futhi nezinkomba eziningi ezengeziwe zokuhlangabezana.

I simo, ngakho-ke, umasipala, usayizi njalo, okuzokwenza ukuba okungenani mayelana 5,000 izakhiwo emadolobheni emadolobheni amakhulu, imiphakathi emikhulu mayelana 4, kodwa esingaphansi izakhiwo 1,000 nezinye yasemakhaya noma yini shayela omunye uhlangothi, rustic.

I-Cadastre yalokho. Lokhu kubalulekile ukukuchaza, ngoba imibandela yokunemba ye-cadastre enendlela esemthethweni ngeke ifane uma kugxilwe kuphela ekuphathweni kwezimali noma ekuphathweni kokusetshenziswa komhlaba. Futhi ngoba uma kukhona ifayela le- indlela yokuhlola, ukulinganisa kwezakhiwo noma ukulinganiswa kwesitshalo esingapheli kudinga ezinye izindlela ukuze inqubo iphumelele ngokwengeziwe.

Okuseqhulwini kumasipala ongenayo i-cadastre akukho ekucaceni kwawo, kungukuba nawo njengendawo yokuwusebenzisa. Ngakho-ke kufanele ucabangele izindlela eziqhubekayo, ezisiza ukuqedela ucwaningo oluphelele lukamasipala, ukuzinikela ekuwusebenziseni, ekuluvuseleleni nasekuthuthukiseni ukunemba kwalo.

Ezinye izindlela engizamile.  Eminyakeni emine edlule siye sazama izindlela ezihlukile, kuye ngezimo zikamasipala, bheka ngifingqa abanye:

• I-Photogrammetry  Kancane kancane, ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni le ndlela ayizukusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ngoba ayisiyongayo maqondana nokunemba kwayo. Ayikho inkampani ezondiza ebangeni elingamamitha ayi-10,000 10 ukudlula endaweni encane kakhulu yasemadolobheni.Ukwenzela wonke umasipala kungahle kungatholakali ngezimali zayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma ukutolika kwesithombe kusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni, kuhlale kudingekile ukukala izingqimba futhi ekugcineni ukunemba ngeke kube kuhle kakhulu ezindaweni lapho abantu bekhipha khona ummese ngamasentimitha ayi-XNUMX. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sezindawo zasemakhaya kuyasebenza kakhulu ngoba ukumbozwa okukhulu kutholakala ngaphandle kokudlula emngceleni ngamunye futhi ukunemba kunele ngokwanele ngoba iziza zinezindawo ezinkulu. 
• I-photointerpretation + GPS. Uma une-orthophoto, ingasetshenziswa ngokuphelele endaweni yasemakhaya ngemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ukucacisa, sikhuluma nge-orthophoto evela esithombeni sasemoyeni, ngoba isithombe se-satellite esilungisiwe manje esine-pixel engaphansi kwemitha eyodwa sinokuhlanekezelwa okuningi ezindaweni zobuningi bezindawo ezingajwayelekile, ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono ukubhala kwe-Google. Ngokwenzayo, ngibonile ukuthi ukuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kokuphrinta (i-orthophoto) magnification kanye ne-low precision GPS (Garmin 3 kuye ku-5 metres) kuletha imiphumela ebonakalayo kunokuncinda izithombe zasemoyeni ne-stereoscope bese kudlulela ekukhuliseni. 
  Angisho ukuthi ziyalahlwa kodwa ziyangabazeka ngamaphrojekthi omasipala abancane, ngokusebenza kwazo ngaphambi kwezinye izikhungo manje ezivumela i-GPS enombukiso we-raster noma ngoba kungenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kube khona ontanga noma imithombo yabantu ekwaziyo ukwenza kahle le ndlela. Ukuncina izithombe akulethi izinzuzo ezindabeni zokunemba, ngoba kuphela ububanzi be-rapidgraph ku-orthophoto ephrintiwe eyi-1: 10,000 ozoba ngamamitha ayi-10 kanye nephutha isoftware yokulungisa esevele iluthathile. Futhi umbuzo wokuthi ngabe onqenqemeni lwegquma olukhonjiswa kahle yistereoscope kodwa kungabonakali ekuphrintiwe, kuyalahlwa ngoba umkhuba ukhombisa ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka kochwepheshe ovela endleleni ejwayelekile, umfundamakhwela ngeke akubone kunoma zombili izindlela futhi uzobe ungcono ngokuthatha amaphuzu ambalwa we-GPS ukuthola amabombo akho. Futhi ngokuhunyushwa kweminye imininingwane efana nokusetshenziswa komhlaba, amasu wamanje wokuzwa akude enza umsebenzi ongcono futhi oshibhile ngokuhlelwa okugadiwe.
• I-GPS + ikhampasi.  Le ndlela iyasebenza kakhulu uma unemali encane. Ngikusebenzise ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni, ngisebenzisa ngokunemba i-submeter ngokunemba kwe-GPS ukucubungula igridi yomgwaqo, nokusebenzisa ikhampasi ukubopha amaphethelo. Njengoba i-tape isetshenziselwa ukukala izingqinamba, iphutha lidluliselwa emgwaqweni, lishiya ukunemba okulinganiselwe kwemingcele ngamasentimitha angaphansi kwayi-10 futhi kuphelele maqondana nama-moorings ane-GPS eduze kwemitha. Kufanele ulinganise izimali bese uthola izinkomba nge-triangulation. Akufanelekile uma ucwaningo lunemiphumela yezomthetho, uma kunikezwa amatayitela empahla noma izitifiketi ze-cadastral ezinenani elisemthethweni; ngalokho, kuzoba nokuhlolwa kwenkambu ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo.
• Isiteshi se-GPS + esiphezulu.  Le ndlela isebenzayo, ngoba ivumela ukucacisa kahle nokuziswa ku Ubukhulu be-3 ukuthi maduze noma kamuva kuzoba wusizo. Kudinga i-GPS ukuthola amaphuzu amabili okuqala, kanye nokuthatha amaphoyinti ambalwa - anele wokulawula ukuvimbela iphutha ekubuyiseleni emuva okungalungile. Akudingekile ukuthi ube nesiteshi esiphelele, njengoba kungaqashwa, kanye namaphuzu we-GPS angaqashwa ngakunye. Kuzofanele njalo ulinganise izimali, ezingasekelwa yi-orthophoto, ikhampasi noma unxantathu ngama-moorings, okufaneleke kakhulu.

Yikuphi engikusikiselayo.

Uma bekufanele nginqume, ngokwasemadolobheni bengizohamba ngesiteshi sonke. Ukukhipha ezinye izingane esikoleni esiphakeme ekuzihlanganiseni, ukuziqeqesha nokuzikhulula ukuthi zisebenze imisebenzi. Futhi kumasipala noma inhlangano noma i-consortium yemikhandlu yedolobha, ukuthola isiteshi esiphelele okubiza u- $ 7,000 akuyona imali embi, ngoba ukusetshenziswa ngale kwe-cadastre ekuhloleni, ekubekeni noma ekusetshenzisweni kwamaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela kuwukutshalwa kwemali okuhle. Kumele ubheke ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi.

Futhi kulokhu ngikhuluma ngesiteshi esivamile, i-robotics akusebenzi ezindaweni lapho abasebenzi bengabizi khona futhi uma uma uvala isigamu seso esiteshini, umakhalekhukhwini uyabiwe ... futhi uma usenalo udumo.

Ekuphetheni, noma ngubani onquma le ndlela kumele aqonde ukuthi imephu ye-cadastral izohlala iyisibonakaliso esingaqondakali seqiniso. Futhi inembe njengoba isilinganiso sethu samanje sinjalo, eminyakeni embalwa uzobuzwa ngenxa yokungalingani kwayo ngokuphathelene nentaba yaseMars.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yiyona eqhubekayo ngezimali zayo siqu, okutshalomali kwayo okutholwa esikhathini esifushane futhi lapho sizobe siphethwe khona wonke umasipala ngezikhathi ezimbili kuphela zikahulumeni.