ELuhlelweni Lwavelonkhe Property Management SINAP

Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kwezakhiwo Zikazwelonke (i-SINAP) luyisiteji sobuchwepheshe esihlanganisa lonke ulwazi oluphathelene nezinsiza zomzimba nezokulawula zesizwe, lapho abalingisi abahlukahlukene bakahulumeni nabazimele nabantu ngabanye beqopha konke ukuthengiselana okuhambisana nempahla yempahla. impahla, edingekayo kumthethosisekelo nasekuguqukeni kwemakethe yamasheya.

Isithombe ngakwesokudla sizokubona ngandlela-thile, kuyi-doodle ngelinye ilanga engenza ngesikhathi sami sokuphumula mayelana I-LADM, komunye wemiboniso e-Amsterdam, lapho i-2012.

I-SINAP yazalwa futhi yasetshenziswa eHonduras esikhathini sika-2002-2005, ngaphansi kohlaka loHlelo Lokulawulwa Komhlaba, olufana nalezo ezazenzeka ngalesosikhathi emazweni amaningi ngaphansi koxhaso lwezezimali lweBhange Lomhlaba. Akuzalwanga njengokukhuthazwa okungaphandle komhlaba, isisekelo saso sisezinkambisweni zakudala ezisekela amamodeli entuthuko, lapho ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto eziqondisayo zokuthuthukisa izimakethe ukwehla kwezindleko zokukhiqizan (impahla eluhlaza, izinsiza zabantu, ubuchwepheshe kanye nenhloko) futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi ukwehla ezindabeni zokuthengiselana. Ngakho-ke, unikezwe ubunzima bokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza ezweni elisathuthuka, ubukhulu obukhulu be-SINAP ukunciphisa izindleko nezikhathi zokuthengiselana.

I-SINAP akuyona ithuluzi lekhompiyutha, kodwa isethi yezinqubomgomo ezibandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukuhlanganiswa kwabalingisi bezikhungo ezixhunywe nokuphathwa kwendawo kanye nokwenza ngcono izinqubo ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zomhlaba jikelele kumazinga nokutholwa kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. kanye nokuxhumana.
Lapho i-SINAP icatshangelwa, kunokucaca okwanele ukuthi ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kuphela, ngaphandle kokushintsha imigomo yokulawula neyesikhungo, kucishe kufane nokufaka amathayi ehhashini, esikhundleni sokwakha imoto entsha. Ngakho-ke isu lihambisana noshintsho olukhulu olubandakanya ukwenziwa kwemithetho emisha efana neProperty Law kanye ne-Territorial Regulation Law; Ngaphansi kwalolu hlaka lwezomthetho, iProperty Institute iyakhiwa, ehlanganisa iRegistry Registry (okwakungeyeNkantolo Ephakeme Yobulungiswa), iNational Cadastre (eyayiyi-Executive Directorate eyayincike kwiHhovisi likaMongameli) kanye neNational Geographic Institute ( lokho kwakuxhomeke eMnyangweni Wezemisebenzi Yomphakathi kanye Nezokuthutha).

Lesakhiwo omusha Directorate of Records, a Directorate of cadastre ne Geography kanye Regularization ikheli ngaphansi optical igxile Outsourcing ngu-Associated Centres ukuthi anganikeza komasipala noma izinhlaka ezingabanikazi ngokubambisana kukahulumeni.

I-SINAP izalwe ngaphansi kwesibonelo se-Coreast Cadastre Domain Model (CCDM), idokhumenti ngaleso sikhathi yayiyi-abastracto ka-Christiaan Lemmen nezinye i-geofumadas ezazama ukubonakala ngendlela ye-Cadastro 2014.

I CCDM e 2012 waba LADM (ISO-19152), kodwa ngaleso sikhathi (2002) wayesemdala ukucabanga ngokwanele elivuthiwe kanjani izinto ukusebenza ezweni ekuphathweni bangabizwa lula ukuze ubudlelwano elula ephathelene noMthetho, sizibambe futhi Umthwalo (RRR ) phakathi kwamaqembu anentshisekelo (i-Party) nezinto zokubhalisa (i-BAUnits), ne-cadastre njengento ehlukile yendawo nezinto zokudweba njengezinto zomthetho womphakathi ezithinta umthetho wangasese.

Lona umklamo womqondo we-SINAP ngonyaka we-2004; nge uchungechunge ISIZINDA emibhalombiko ngaleso sikhathi uyayenza: SINIMUN komasipala, INTUR for emkhakheni wezokuvakasha, Sinia Imvelo, SNGR for zokubhekana nezinhlekelele, CIEF akhona mayelana namahlathi INFOAGRO womkhakha wezolimo.

Uphawu olungakwesokudla yilolo obekufanele ngilwakhe kabusha ngo-2012, nginakekela ukuthi ngubani okhona. Ngomqondo ofingqiwe, i-SINAP iyipulatifomu ehlanganisa okungenani ama-sub-systems amane:

Uhlelo Oluhlanganisiwe Lwerekhodi LUNGILE.

Lolu hlelo lubandakanya, phakathi kokunye ukubhaliswa, impahla yangempela kanye nerejista ye-cadastral njengeqiniso elifanayo. Kusho ukuthi amaphasela e-cadastral akha ukushanela okuphelele kwendawo, zombili izakhiwo ezizimele ezixhunyaniswe namapulazi abhaliswe ngaphansi kwendlela yoqobo, kanye nempahla yomphakathi efana nemigwaqo nemifula exhumene nefulegi lokuphatha. Ngokwengeziwe, amaphasela akhombisa njengokuthintana nomgwaqo ohlukunyezwa imidwebo yezemidwebo exhumene nomthetho womphakathi, kanye nezindawo zezikhukhula, izindawo ezivikelwe, izikhungo ezinomlando, njll.

UKUKHONA akubandakanyi kuphela impahla yangempela; Kuyinto i-agnostic ukuhlanganisa kancane kancane izimpahla ezahlukene zesizwe; njengamanje kuhlanganisa impahla yezohwebo, ingqondo, kanye nemoto.

Uhlelo lweNational Territorial Information (SINIT)

Lolu hlelo lubhalisa futhi lushicilele lonke ulwazi lwe-cartographic olukhiqizwa izikhungo ezahlukahlukene ezweni futhi lwakha izinsizakalo zamanani ezengeziwe ezenza ukuthi zitholakale kubasebenzisi ngaphansi kohlelo olufanayo lokuqagela. Iphinde ikhangise imininingwane yendawo, igcwalise iqhaza lendawo yokugcina imininingwane ukugwema ukulahleka kolwazi olukhiqizwa yizikhungo zomphakathi futhi isebenze njengendawo yokushicilela yalabo abangenayo ingqalasizinda edingekayo yokuhambisa imininingwane abayenzile.

Irejista yemithethonqubo yokusetshenziswa komhlaba (RENOT)

Le irejista ehlanganisa yonke imithethonqubo equkethe imfanelo yokuthinteka noma inzuzo ngokusetshenziswa, isizinda noma ukuhlala kweziqephu. Umsuka wale registry uhlotshaniswa ne-Territorial Ordinance Law, efuna ukuthi amacebo we-oda nemithetho yokuhleleka komphakathi eyenziwe yizikhungo ezahlukahlukene ingaphoqeleka futhi iboniswe njengemiphumela kumaphasela ekubonisaneni noma kusitifiketi se-cadastral, kanye naku ukuphathwa kwezinqubo noma izitifiketi kuzakhiwo zeRegistry Registry.

Nakuba abaxhasi be-RENOT beshintshile ngezikhathi ezahlukene, umqondo wabo uhlala ufana nalokho okudingekayo ukuze amamephu apendiwe abophe: "Kumelwe kube nezimo ezingokomthetho ezinikeza amandla izimiso zokuvuma, okukhethekile, ukukhangisa nokubhaliswa, ukuze imithetho ye ukuhleleka komphakathi kubonakaliswa empahleni yangasese.

Isikhungo Sengqalasizinda Yedatha Yomhlaba (INDES)

Vele, akuyona yonke into ebilula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Ngo-2002, udaba lwengqalasizinda ye-Spatial Data Infrastructures lwaluluncane, okungenani kula mazwe lapho amandla ezikhungo kanye neminikelo yezifundo emanyuvesi inokuncane abangakunikeza. Ngaleso sikhathi uhlelo lwesine lwalubizwa ngeClearinghouse, okuyigama lama-eighties elisikhumbuza ngezinjini zokusesha zemethadatha ezidumile. Ngonyaka okufanele ngiwubone kabusha, siwubiza ngokuthi yiNational Spatial Data Infrastructure (INDES).

Ingabe kuwufanele umzamo we-SINAP?

I-SINAP ikhonjisiwe ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zamazwe, yize ngokubona kwami, inenkinga yababhali abafisa ukusho ngezinzuzo zayo ngaphansi kwendlela yokushisekela izwe. Ngomusi owazalwa ekuqaleni, etafuleni lengilazi kanye nezinkomishi ezimbalwa zekhofi, ezweni elinezinkinga zenkohlakalo nokusekelwa kwezepolitiki okufana namazwe amaningi anomongo waseSpanishi, i-SINAP yiphrojekthi eyisibonelo ezicini eziningi. Ezinhlelweni ezine ezisezingeni eliphansi, i-SURE yiyona eyayinezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokusimama, ngoba ukuthuthuka kwayo kwenziwa ngesikhathi esivelele njengabaxhasi bayo abanenkani nangenxa yokuthi babheja ngokuhlukumeza izindlela eziningi zokunxenxa umthetho omusha kanye noguquko lwezikhungo, okungelula (noma okunconywayo) ukukwenza kunoma yiliphi izwe; noma kunjalo kulokhu bekufanele bagxume izithiyo ezinjengokungathinti ikhodi yombango (yiziphi kulezi zinsuku ezizodlulisa umthethosivivinywa), kanye nezehlakalo ezilinganiselwe emsebenzini weCadastre-Registry, yize wawufakiwe kochwepheshe abaqinisekisiwe.

Ngokuphathelene nokukhula kwezikhungo, kunezinselele eziningi, ngoba inqubo ephuthumayo yokwenza uhlelo lweProjekthi, ukungabi khona kwemisebenzi yomphakathi kanye nokubambisana okungabonakali kwabasebenzi cishe sekuholele ekuqhekekeni kwezinkathi ezikhazimulayo zePropati yeSakhiwo; Kodwa-ke, QAPHELA njengesikhulumi sezobuchwepheshe sifanelwe inhlonipho eye yasivumela ukuba iqhubeke isebenza njengesikhulumi esisemthethweni.

Isofthiwe yamahhala yaleso sikhathi ayibonakalwanga nge-optics yokuvuthwa, ngakho-ke kwakudingeka ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuningi bokunikeza, ukunikeza isibonelo:

• I-mapping yedijithali yayisungulwe kahle ekuthuthukiseni i-VBA, kusukela ekubhalweni okukhulu kweziqephu, kuya kokushicilelwa ngokomlando kwe-DGN V8, nokulawula kokuhlolwa kwe-checkin usebenzisa i-ProjectWise,
• Ngombukeli wewebhu ku-ActiveX, abasebenzisi bomasipala bacela ukuthengiselana kokugcinwa kokusebenzisa i-DGN redline, i-GeoWeb Publisher kanye ne-Explorer lite.
• Isizukulwane sesitifiketi se-cadastral singenziwa kusuka kumaklayenti we-Microstation Geographics, ekhiqiza imephu, idatha ye-cadastral kanye neshadi lesifundo nje ngokukhetha ukhiye we-cadastral; kuyilapho ku-intanethi kungenziwa kusetshenziswa i-GeoWeb Publisher, ngokwayo noma ngokukhululekile, okhiqiza amafayili e-PDF equkethe idatha ye-alphanumeric negraphic.
• Ukuskena nokukhishwa kwezincwadi zokubhalisa kwenziwe ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizenzakalelayo eziphendulela lo msebenzi onzima ekusebenzeni inqubo ye-maquila, eyasuswa ngaphandle kwezinkampani zangasese.
• Isiteji sokuthengiselana se-cadastral nefomu langempela lakhiwe ngokuphelele iwebhu.

Mhlawumbe ukusetshenziswa kwabo bonke lobo buchwepheshe, bonke labo basebenzisi kanye nalelo zinga lokuzenzakalela bakuthola umklomelo we-BeAwards ngo-2004 (namuhla iBeInspired), esigabeni sokuphathwa kwemvelo nango-2005 esigabeni sikaHulumeni. Kepha ukuhlolwa kwe-asidi kwaba lapho ngo-2006 kwakumele abhekane noshintsho lwezepolitiki neqembu elehlukile nawo wonke lawo maqhinga endabuko okusekelwa kwezepolitiki kanye nesifiso sokusula yonke into futhi aqale phansi.

Ngolunye usuku ekuseni bafika ne-disk yangaphandle (eyayiyintsha ngaleso sikhathi), ukusho ukuthi bazogcina i-Unified Record System kuleyo disk ... bayeka ukuyicela lapho sebebona ukuthi bazodinga ama-driver amaningi angaphandle.

Ngolunye usuku ekuseni, othile wacela ukuphathwa komsebenzisi womlawuli wedatha. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili wayekhohliwe iphasiwedi, futhi kwakudingeka njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu ukuqala i-database ngemuva kokulondolozwa okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwamabili, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho ukubonwa kweseva futhi umfanekiso ofanayo wawugcinwa usebenza ngenkathi kwenziwa isipele. ukwenza isipele phakathi kuka-12 ebusuku no-6 ekuseni.

Ukubhaliswa okuvele kusetshenziswe uhlelo kuqala ukukhononda, bese umfana eqaphela ukuthi uhlelo lwalungaphezu kwamahluzo amahle ukujabulisa ama-PowerPoint Presentations.

Impela kusuka emaphutheni enziwe kunezifundo ezisebenziseka kangcono abasebenzisi abahlukene ababambe iqhaza ezingeni lokucabanga, ukuklama, ukuthuthukisa, imibhalo, ukuqaliswa kanye nokufakwa ezikhungweni abazokwazi ukukusho. Lapho uhlelo lusungula izinto ezintsha, futhi abantu bengabahlanganyeli, amathuba alesi sipiliyoni aguqula izimpilo zabo, ngaphezu kolwazi olutholakele.

Okungenakuphikwa mayelana nokuzibophezela kwe-Honduras, ne-SINAP, ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbono wokuqala awukashintshi. Lolu hlelo lukwazile ukusinda izikhathi ezintathu zikahulumeni, okuhlanganisa nokuketulwa umbuso (2009); kule nkathi kwakungenzeka konke ukwehluleka, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwesimiso somqondo ovamile kwakubalulekile "Uma uzokwenza uhlelo olukhulu, yenze lusebenze ngokushesha“; lapho befuna ukubuyela ekusebenziseni izincwadi, abasebenzisi abafanayo bakuvikele. Njengamanje, izifunda zokubhalisa eziyi-16 kwezingama-24, esezivele zisebenza ohlelweni, sezenziwe ngesimanjemanje. Ngo-2013, uhlelo lokuziphendukela kwemvelo lwenziwa ukuze kuthuthelelwe endaweni entsha yonke leyo misebenzi eyayihoxisiwe, yahlanganisa isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusimama, futhi kulungiswe imodeli yebhizinisi ukuze ilungiselele ukuhlanganiswa komsebenzi ozimele, nokwamukelwa I-LADM ejwayelekile kanye Ubuchwepheshe be-BlockChain ukuvikeleka kwedatha. Okunye kokufakwa okuyinhloko kwakungamaphakeji ku- database database, ezenziwa kusuka kwizimbangela, ukuze kuthi uma kubhaliswa i-geometry entsha enokuxhumana okujwayelekile (okufana nendawo entsha evikelwe), wonke ama-cadastre Parcels athinteka ngokuzenzakalela futhi kubonakala njengesixwayiso sokuvikela emapulazini akwaRegistry; Ubuchwepheshe bemithombo evulekile njenge-OpenLayers, i-GeoServer neGeoNetwork nabo bahlanganiswa ukufaka esikhundleni se-GeoWeb Publisher neBentleyMap ukufaka i-Microstation Geographics; komasipala, izinsiza zewebhu zenzelwe ukusebenzisana nge-WFS ku-plugin ye-QGIS.

Esikrinini esilandelayo ngithathile umzila wesikhathi we-SINAP, ohlose ukunqoba lezi ezimbili Izimemezelo ze-2014 ze-Cadastre ezingakanqotshwa: ukuthi izinkampani ezizimele kanye nomphakathi basebenzisane, okuholela esiphakamisweni esingenabulungisa sokusebenzisana kombuso nezinkampani ezizimele kanye nokuxhashazwa okukhulu kobuhlakani bebhizinisi obuvumela izindleko ukuthi zibuyiselwe ngokuphelele.

Ngaphansi kombono omusha, amasistimu we-SINIT ne-RENOT awasadingeki njengezinhlelo ezengeziwe, njengoba kuphakanyiswe ukulinganiselwa kwezobuchwepheshe nezinsolo zamandla zika-2004. I-SINIT ingenye nje yokubhaliswa kwe-SURE (I-Cartographic Registry) ne-RENOT i-Normative Registry; uhlelo olusha lusathuthukiswa; Umdwebo ongezansi ukhombisa enye yengqalasizinda yakho yezobuchwepheshe.

Uma izinto ziqhubeka ngejubane lamanje, i-SINAP izokwazi ukufeza isisekelo sayo ebesivele ekuqaleni ngaphansi komqondo Wezikhungo Ezihlanganisiwe; ukuba yiRegistry neCadastre kuphela izinhlangano ezilawulayo ngaphakathi kwe- uhlelo oluyinhloko eqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-front-back office scheme.

Ngakho-ke omasipala banesibopho sokuvuselelwa kwe-cadastral nokunikeza izinsizakalo ezihambisana nokwenziwa; Njengamanje, omasipala abaningana sebevele basebenza ngaphansi kohlelo lokudluliselwa kwabasebenzi, ukuthengiselana ngokwezezimali sekuvele kusetshenzwa ngokuqondile ngamabhange athile, njengamahhovisi okuphathelene nezindawo, kanye neRegantile Registry esebenza yiChamber of Commerce kanye nophakanyiselwe ukwenza okungaphezulu kwalokhu ...

Impela ubuthakathaka obukhulu be-SINAP buzoba isikhathi eside, ukungabi bikho kwezimbongi ezikhuluma ngamandla ayo kusuka kumqondo wokuqonda, wobuchwepheshe nobuchwepheshe. Ukudabukisa, kucatshangelwa ukuthi mhlawumbe yifulegi lokuqala elenziwe ngokomzimba le-LADM, ngaphambi kokuba libe yindinganiso (CCDM); kufanele ukuthi amanye amazwe anjengeColombia azothatha, lapho lolu hlobo lobukhazikhazi lungayekiswa ukusizakala futhi lufakwe kunqubomgomo yomphakathi, njengoba kukhonjisiwe IXHUMA i-3859.

Izifundo ezitholwe ku-SINAP okungenani zingu-8, futhi zibaluleke kakhulu… ngokuba yingxenye yalowo ntuthu kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuzoba nesikhathi sokukhuluma ngayo, ukuphela okuhle konyaka we-2016.