Imigomo yokukhetha izixazululo ze-GIS / CAD

Namuhla bekube usuku engilubhalisile ngalo ukuvezwa kwenkambo ye-estate cadastre yaseBolivia. Le ndaba isekelwe ekuboniseni indlela yokukhetha ithuluzi lekhompiyutha yentuthuko ye-geomatic.

Lesi yisifanekiso engisisebenzisile, futhi indlela yami ibe ukuhlaziywa komongo esithemba ukuthi uzowusebenzisa isisombululo.

Iphuzu liwukuthi uma ufuna ukukhetha ithuluzi elula idatha bamba kufanele ucabangele izici ukuthi ukwenze kuphela ikhono zithwala, kodwa kunalokho nokusimama ezingamelana nezinselele futhi wathuthuka kangangokuthi idingwa abasebenzisi bayifinyelela kulo kusuka emazingeni ahlukene kanye nenani labasebenzisi abazodinga amalayisense.

Phakathi kwezinye izindlela esizicabangayo, futhi isisindo saso singashintsha kuye ngokuthi isimo sendawo noma ububanzi buni, phakathi kwamanye kungacatshangwa:

• Ukusebenzisana
• Amazinga we-OGC
• I-curve yokufunda
• Isivinini vrs. Inombolo yabasebenzisi
• Ukukhula komzimba
• Ukutholakala kwe-interfaces yokuhlela (i-API)
• Izindleko eziphelele

Khona-ke siye sahlukanisa umongo we-geomatic okungenani izigaba eziyisithupha futhi walinganisa izinga lokubaluleka kwezindinganiso zangaphambilini ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Isigaba ngasinye singasikhetha uhlu lwezici ezikhethekile abasebenzisi noma ochwepheshe abaphakamisayo futhi lezi zinikwe isisindo ukuze zihlolwe ngendlela eqhathanisa nezinzuzo nezinkinga zezixazululo ezahlukene:

I-1. Isigaba sokwakhiwa

Lokhu ngokuyisisekelo lona lilindeleke ukuba libe isixazululo ngempumelelo nesisebenzayo ukukhiqizwa ephezulu ezingeni by ochwepheshe emkhakheni abeza, ukuskenwa, yomphindwa sihlanza yolwazi ehlangene bese uxhumana izithombe noma amasevisi kumephu.

I-2. Isigaba sokuphatha

Kulokhu kucatshangwa, ukuthi idatha ekhishwe ingathunyelwa kumazinga afanele ukwamukelwa ngaphakathi kwedatha noma umqondisi wefayela eliguquliwe. Izinto ezifana nokugcinwa kwefomethi kanye ne-API etholakalayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Futhi-ke, izixazululo zifunwa kulelizinga ukuphathwa semininingwane okulindeleke ukuba ibe interface kukhanga kakhulu, ungaba ukusebenza kuhle multiuser ezindaweni kanye nekhono ukugcina kokubili geometry futhi tabular idatha njengoba raster izinkomba.

I-4. Isigaba sokushicilelwaKulelizinga kubhekwa ukuthi idatha wokwakha izixazululo bekulokhu amathuba zenguquko OGC amazinga kanye inkonzo amathuluzi idatha abe ezingeni ngokwezifiso ukuze kokubili ongakhonza idatha futhi bheka kwezobuciko ziyakhanga.

I-5. Isigaba sesondlo, leli lizinga lesibili lokwakhiwa, okulindeleke ukuthi amathuluzi anenkululeko yokukwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukufinyelela kwabo kokulondolozwa kwemiphumela eguquliwe, isitoreji somlando wezinguquko futhi, futhi kulula, ekwakheni ukwakhiwa okuqondile. Uma kunokwenzeka ukhetho lokwenza isichasiselo esichazayo ngaphansi kwe-activex esebenza ku-intanethi ... kangcono.

I-6. Isiteji sokusekela, Ngikubizile ukuthi, kodwa empeleni kuyisiteji sokugcina izindawo zokufinyelela, lapho abasebenzisi ngaphakathi kokufinyelela kwesikhungo, ukuguqula idatha, ukusekela nokukhiqiza imikhiqizo emisha. Lapha izidingo kwisisombululo se-CAD / GIS azifinyeleli ekusimeni kwesimo kanye nomthamo wokusekela ukuguqulwa, kuyilapho amathuluzi wokuphatha, enokutholakala okuningi ekuthuthukiseni, amazinga okuphepha kanye namasevisi we-client server.

I-3. Isigaba sokushintshanisa, lokhu kuyisigaba sesibili sencwadi, lapho kulindeleke ukuthi isebenze idatha ku-xml, i-gml noma amanye amafomethi asekelwa amazinga we-ogc, imikhiqizo esithemba ukuthi izosetshenziselwa ezinye izixazululo ze-geomatic kodwa ebuye ibuye iguquliwe. Okushoyo, ikhono lokuphambukisa ngaphansi kwezindinganiso ze-geofumed, kuhlanganise nokhetho lwe-vector simplification ... yebo, i-geofumados kahle.

Nakuba isimiso sokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwesici kuya kwizixazululo ezihlukene esigabeni ngasinye senqubo, akumele sikhohlwe umongo wayo ohlangene; ngakho sesiluqedile nge umsebenzi esheshayo uma ikhasimende ezinkulu, njengenhlangano Institute of umhlaba ezweni, ufuna ukuqalisa ukusebenza uhlelo ephelele imizila mayelana 20 ochwepheshe ukukhiqizwa CAD / GIS, 3 onjiniyela, abasebenzisi 75 intranet futhi amaningi kokubonisana inthanethi (sigodle nezindleko ngonyaka Oracle $ 30,000 processor, ukuthuthukiswa software, kanye nokuqaliswa amaqembu ngalinye):

Yenza ngakho I-AutoDesk ingadla i-$ 180,000, kanye nokulinganiselwa esigabeni sokugcina okufanele sihambisane namanye ama-brand kanye nokusebenza kwemithombo yemishini yokusebenzisa idatha ngendlela efanele nangaphansi kwezinhloso eziphakeme zokuthutha ngemuva.

Yenza ngakho I-Bentley ingadla ku-$ 210,000, kanye nokulinganiselwa esigabeni sokushintshanisa, incwadi eshicilelwe izinwele nokuthile okukuyo kwendlela yokufunda

Yenza ngakho I-ESRI ingaba yi-$ 300,000, kanye nokulinganiselwa esigabeni sokwakhiwa kanye nezindawo zokugcina impahla, yikuphi okwakungase kuthathe ukugcwaliswa kwamanye amagama; ngaphandle kokuthi kungase kuvele kanjani ukuthi ilayisensi ye-10 iyadingeka ukuze isandiso esilungele i-$ 9,000

Yenza ngakho Okubonakalayo kungadla i-$ 15,000, ngokulinganiselwa esigabeni sokwakhiwa, ijika lokufunda kanye nesidingo sabathuthukisi bokuqala (nakuba kuzo zonke izimo kuningi ukuthuthukisa). Ngicacisa ukuthi kunezinye izixazululo ezibiza izindleko, kepha ngisebenzisa lokhu ngoba ngizamile futhi futhi kungimangalisa.

Esimweni esibi kunazo zonke nginayo i-$ 155,000 ukuthi ngishiye ngaphezulu ukuze ngisebenzise ama-manuals amahle futhi uma ngidlala namalayisense wokugijima ngingazama isilingo somthengi.

Kuyinto ehlekisa ukuthi cishe isamba singenziwa nayo software free, GvSIG Pure / Utshani, Postgre, IntelliCAD nezinye amakhambi uma ngikwazi ukuhlanganisa ithimba systematization izinqubo, geofumados abathuthukisi kanye ukuthembeka ukuthengisa iphrojekthi ... uma iklayenti wayecabange $ 700,000 ... Angikwazi ukushaywa ngoba ephakeme kangakanani inani labasebenzisi lingalungiswa isofthiwe engakhululekile noma izindleko eziphansi.

Ngamafuphi, ngithemba ukuthi ngiphakamise ukwazi kwakho mayelana nezixazululo zamahhala nezindleko eziphansi, nakuba isikhathi sincane kakhulu ukuze singaphinde senze. Sichazile iziphetho eziningana:

• Ubuchwepheshe obufanele: "okungasimemezela"Emkhakheni womhlaba wonke wokuthuthukiswa
• Ngeke kube khona ubuchwepheshe "kuhle konke"
• Isici "sezomnotho" kufanele sicatshangelwe ngokusho "umjikelezo wokuphila kwezobuchwepheshe"Futhi ukusebenzisana kwayo
• Izinqubo ezibhalwe phansi (uhlelo lwe-systematization) kwandisa umjikelezo wokuphila kwezobuchwepheshe
• Akubona bonke abakulungele isofthiwe yamahhala, ukuqala izinhlelo zokusebenza kuyakhethwa "ezentengiselwano", Ngolwazi ongacabanga mayelana nezinhlelo zokusebenza"izindleko eziphansi", ngokuziphendulela"mahhala"Noma" uqobo "