Python: ulimi okufanele lokubekwa eqhulwini kodaba lokuvulwa Geomatics

Ngonyaka odlule ngakwazi ukubona ukuthi umngane wami “uFiliblu” kwadingeka abeke eceleni kanjani uhlelo lwakhe lwe-Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), azizwa ekhululekile ngalo, futhi wagoqa imikhono yakhe efunda iPython kusukela ekuqaleni, ukuze athuthukise ukujwayela i-plugin "I-SIT kaMasipala" ku-QGIS. Uhlelo lokusebenza oselucacile, futhi engangingakaze ngibe umklami osebenzayo ngoba bengingekho kuze kube manje. Ngemva kwezingxoxo ezazibanjwe ngaleso sikhathi noFili futhi muva nje noNan wasePeru, osechithe izinyanga ezithile eqeda ukugqwala ngenkambo yePython, siqhamuke nalokhu okuthunyelwe, sicabanga ukuthi iPython isibaluleke kangakanani njengolimi kulo mhlaba. Amasistimu olwazi lwendawo.

Isihloko uqobo singabonakala singasizi ngalutho, ikakhulukazi kulabo asebekade 'behlikihla amahlombe' ngalolu limi isikhathi eside. Ukubuyekeza izihloko zeGeofumadas, cishe ama-athikili ayi-16 kuphela abhekise kuPython, futhi cishe njengokuncoma izingxoxo ezahlukahlukene. Kepha njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, i-geomatics yalezi zikhathi kumele ikwazi ukuthuthuka kokufaka izicelo, hhayi ngoba bezozinikela ezinhlelweni, kepha ngoba kuyaphuthuma ukuthi bakwazi ukuqonda ubukhulu futhi bazi ukuthi bangenza kanjani noma babheke ukwenziwa kwamakhompyutha ezindabeni ze-geospatial.

Ngokuqinisekile ulimi oludalwa UGuido van Rossum lilokhu lizibeka ezigabeni ezikhudlwana kakhulu. Ibukeza isihloko se-Stephen Cass eshicilelwe ku-IEEE spectrum sithola ukuthi i-Python njengamanje isendaweni yokuqala kule simo, lapho kukhulunywa izilimi eziphezulu zokuhlela, nakuba Forbes into efanayo yayithuthukile kithi. Vele, manje, enguqulweni yesi-3, yethulwe isivele ihlanganiswe maqondana nokwethulwa kwayo okude komphakathi ngo-1991. ukukhawulela ukukhetha engikuthole ngePython, zombili izici zayo ezinjengezinhloso eziningi njengokuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuphilayo kokubona umhleli wezinhlelo ezivumelanisa kalula kakhulu nalolu limi, encamela manje ukwenza izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Python noma ebekuthanda ukubusa ngokuphelele I-VBA.

Ngasithanda umhlahlandlela owenziwe ngu-Aimee, othi Funda Python esimweni se ukukhwabanisa kokuziphatha.

Lapho sikhuluma ngalokhu noNan, sibukeza amaforamu we-GIS, sathola ukuthi abahleli babezibuza ngale ndaba. Uma siya izintambo ku-gis.stackexchange sithola ukuthi, ngeshwa, izixhumanisi eziningi ezikhonjisiwe azisebenzi; okuyinto, noma kunjalo, akususa iphuzu lokuqala ekucabangeni kwethu. Umbuzo owakhiwe lapho wawu:

"Ngombono wakho, yimuphi incwadi enhle / isayithi ukufunda i-Python uma unomsebenzi we-GIS engqondweni?

By 'kangcono', kwakusho:

• hhayi isikhathi eside kakhulu (incwadi)
• kulula ukuyiqonda (incwadi / isayithi)
• izibonelo ezinhle (incwadi / indawo) "

Ngingathanda ukuqala ingxoxo ngokuhlukanisa 'amasayithi' 'ezincwadini'. Ngemuva kwengxoxo yami ecishe ibe nguFreudian noNan, sesize sacabanga ukuthi kuzoba ngcono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke siqala 'ngamasayithi':

I-1 Konke kuncike 'ezingeni'

Isiphakamiso sami sokuqala inkambo I-Python esekelwe kumaphrojekthi we-Udemy, hhayi nje ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, kodwa nangenxa yentengo yalo kanye neqiniso lokuthi uma kuthathwa inkambo, kukhona isikhathi sokuphila kokuqukethwe.

Siyaqonda ukuthi ukuba ngumqali akufani nokuba 'uchwepheshe'. Uma usanda kwenza ukuxhumana, akukho okungcono kunokugxila olimini bese ubheka okukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, lapho sithola izimpendulo ezintathu (ingqikithi yamavoti angu-9) zikhomba Codecademy Ngicabanga 'nge-newbies', njengoba le sayithi isenza sikwazi ukungena ezweni lePython ngendlela elula noma olunye ulimi olufisa ukulufunda.

Okwesibili, kakade ezingeni eliphakathi, ukhona Coursera. Le platform ye-MOOC inikeza izifundo ezihlanganisa izindawo ezahlukene. Ngokuyinhloko sibhekisela emjikelezweni wezifundo (5 inamba) 'I-Python Yomuntu Wonke'ephethe uCharles Severance onesihawu. Noma ubani othathe ukulandelana 'noDkt. U-Chuck ', uzobona ukuthi usiqondisa kanjani ngokuhlakanipha njengoba sithuthuka ngezinga lobunzima kusukela esikoleni kuya esikoleni.

Ngiphinde nginikeze udumo ezifundweni ezimbalwa zePython eGuru99, ikakhulukazi eyasetshenzwa umakadebona wakwaGoogle.

Enye inkambo yezinga eliphakathi, incwadi yakhe enegama elifanayo lesayithi yilena: Funda i-Python Indlela Eyingozi. Ukuzivocavoca okungama-52 okuhlanganisa izihloko ezahlukahlukene. UZed Shaw unabalandeli bakhe ngaphandle kokungabaza. Amavoti angama-44 encwadi le!

Yiqiniso, labo abambelela 'eBhayibhelini' lolimi babengeke babe khona. Le mpendulo ngamavoti we-10 asikhombisa ukuthi njalo hlola isayithi oficial kusengcono okunye ukubonisana.

Sekuvele ngezinga elincanyana livela Hackerrank, I-CodingBat, I-Python yangempela o lokhu. Kukhona okuthile kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa akwanele ukubukeka.

I-2 Izincwadi zokuqeqesha eziyisisekelo

Ukunikezwa lapha nakho kwahlakazeka. Ngamunye ugcina ukulungisa kangcono ngencwadi ethize. Ngaphandle kokukhohlwa lokho okuvotelwe ukuthi 'Funda i-Python The Hard Way' sithole ukwamukelwa okufanayo: 'Indlela Ongacabanga Ngayo Njengososayensi Wekhompyutha'(mahhala thwebula)

Ngaphansi kokuvota sithola 'Dive ku-Python'(Amavoti angu-10 kanye nokukhishwa kwamahhala) futhi, ekugcineni ngamavoti ka-4, incwadi kaHans Petter Langtangen,' A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python ', engatholakala e-Amazon.

I-3 I-SIG ne-Python. Okukhethekile

Isikhathi esilindelekile sifikile. Futhi ukukhuluma iqiniso, imininingwane enikezwe yisithangami se-GIS isishiya siyizintandane ngenxa yezixhumanisi ezingasebenzi. Akunganakwa, ukuthi ikuphi GisGeography njengezinye izindlela zamahhala. Yize ngombono wami, kule ndaba kulula ukutshala imali esifundweni esihle sokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho izixazululo zamahhala noma izincwadi zizosinika ukuqina okukhulu.

Esimweni sethu saseSpanishi, futhi ikakhulukazi kwizinhlelo ze-GIS ku-Python, ngingancoma cishe ngamehlo avaliwe kumasayithi amathathu enobungane we-geofumed biosphere yethu:

• ImephuGIS: Inkambo ye-ArcPy online - i-Python ye-ArcGIS

• IzifundoGIS.com, kusuka ku-TYCGIS: I-Python Online Course ku-ArGIS nasePython Online Course ku-QGIS

• I-Imasgal: I-PyGIS - IPython ye-QGIS

Uma kwenzeka izifundo zesiNgisi, ezingeni lokuqala silulekisa lezi zingosi ezilandelayo:

• I-Programming Foundation ne-Python (ku-Udacity) - Eshu, lokhu kujwayelekile, kodwa siyifake njengenye eyengeziwe. Ukugoqa ku-Python ukufunda ngenkuthalo futhi mahhala.  Ukuvakashela.
• GEO485 GIS Programming and Automation (Penn State Vula courseware) - Python kufundwa futhi imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo GIS Esri ArcGIS ideskithophu. Ukuvakashela. (Amavoti we-3 kusigungu sethu esidala).

Futhi okuyisisekelo kodwa ngolwazi oluthe xaxa:

• I-Python Development Geo-Spatial Development. Okudala kodwa ezithakazelisayo, akusilo ize ukuthi uthole amavoti wokulinganisa kwe-23.
• El Izinhlelo ze-GIS Eziyisisekelo (I-GIS540) evela ku-NC State University ithola amavoti we-4. Kubonakala, ngokuphumelelayo ngolwazi oluthe xaxa kune-Penn State.
• I-portal enolwazi oluningi. I-GIS LOUNGE Ihlinzeka ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene, izindaba, izifundo kanye nolunye ulwazi. Amavoti wakho we-44 asekela izintandokazi zabasebenzisi.

Kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami, izifundo eziku-inthanethi ziyi-orientative, lapho ufunda khona ukulahla ukwesaba, wenze izivivinyo eziqondisiwe, uhlanganyele ofunda nabo kanye nothisha; Kepha ekugcineni kwezifundo, uma ufuna ukuyithatha ngokungathi sína le ndaba futhi uyise ezingeni elizinikele, kufanele uthenge incwadi enhle. Mayelana nalokhu, sinikezwa uhlu lokubuyekeza ngokuthula:

Ngamavoti we-13, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Python Geospatial kubonakala ukuqala ukwakha izicelo kusukela ekuqaleni usebenzisa i-Open Source GIS. Isiqalo esihle

• I-Python Scripting ye-ArcGIS (Esri) - Ukwakha amathuluzi wokwenza okuzenzakalelayo futhi ufunde ukuthi ungabhala kanjani ikhodi ye-python ku-ArcGIS. Kungalandwa futhi kusetshenziswe ngokusebenzisa u-Esri. Kubonakala kumbhalo wezinhlelo ze-Penn state.

Namanje unesithakazelo ekufundeni i-ArcPy? Lapha uhlu izinsiza zokuphenya.

Futhi ekugcineni basibonisa uhlu oluthile lwezincwadi zePutthub, engithola ezithakazelisayo:

• Ukufunda i-Geospatial Analysis nge-Python
• I-Python Geospatial Development - Uhlelo lwesibili
• Izibalo ezibalulekile ze-Python Geospatial Analysis
• Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Python Geospatial Development
• I-ArcPy ne-ArcGIS - I-Geospatial Analysis nge-Python
• I-QGIS Python Programming Cookbook
• Uhlelo lweArcGIS ngePython Cookbook - Uhlelo lwesibili

Sengiphetha, yize amanye ama-master degrees ezifundweni ze-geospatial eqhubeka nokufundisa i-Visual Basic njengolimi olujwayelekile kososayensi abangewona amakhompyutha, lo mkhuba kufanele ube yiPython. Okusafanele kwenziwe, uma lokhu sekuqubule intshisekelo ukuqala ukubuyekeza, ukubuyekeza, nokubukeza. Siyazi ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela yokuqala yokuqala yendaba. Manje, ake sisebenze!